Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Toward the vector map in insect navigation AI翻译
  作者：Wolf, Harald
  作者单位：Ulm University
• A nitrogen isotopic shift in fish otolith-bound organic matter during the Late Cretaceous AI翻译
  作者：Rao, Zixuan C.; Lueders-Dumont, Jessica A.; Stringer, Gary L.; Ryu, Yeongjun; Zhao, Kewei; Myneni, Satish C.; Oleynik, Sergey; Haug, Gerald H.; Martinez-Garcia, Alfredo; Sigman, Daniel M.
  作者单位：Princeton University; Max Planck Society; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Boston College; University of Louisiana System; University of Louisiana Monroe; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
  摘要：The nitrogen isotopes of the organic matter preserved in fossil fish otoliths (ear stones) are a promising tool for reconstructing past environmental changes. We analyzed the N-15/N-14 ratio (delta N-15) of fossil otolith-bound organic matter in Late Cretaceous fish otoliths (of Eutawichthys maastrichtiensis, Eutawichthys zideki and Pterothrissus sp.) from three deposits along the US east coast, with two of Campanian (83.6 to 77.9 Ma) and one Maastrichtian (72.1 to 66 Ma) age. delta N-15 and N...
• Proton radiation boosts the efficacy of mesothelin- targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in pancreatic cancer AI翻译
  作者：Amit, Uri; Uslu, Ugur; Verginadis, Ioannis I.; Kim, Michele M.; Motlagh, Seyyedeh Azar Oliaei; Diffenderfer, Eric S.; Assenmacher, Charles-Antoine; Bicher, Sandra; Atoche, Sebastian J.; Ben-Josef, Edgar; Young, Regina M.; June, Carl H.; Koumenis, Constantinos
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Tel Aviv University; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a challenge in oncology, with limited treatment options for advanced- stage patients. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy targeting mesothelin (MSLN) shows promise, but challenges such as the hostile immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) hinder its efficacy. This study explores the synergistic potential of combining proton radiation therapy (RT) with MSLN- targeting CAR T therapy in a syngeneic PDAC model. Proton RT signi...
• Actions chains and intention understanding in 3-to 6-year- old children AI翻译
  作者：Di Dio, Cinzia; Miraglia, Laura; Peretti, Giulia; Marchetti, Antonella; Rizzolatti, Giacomo
  作者单位：Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; University of Parma
  摘要：In intentional behavior, the final goal of an action is crucial in determining the entire sequence of motor acts. Neurons have been described in the inferior parietal lobule of monkeys, which besides encoding a specific motor act (e.g., grasping), have their discharge modulated by the final goal of the intended action (e.g., grasping- to- eat). Many of these action- constrained neurons have mirror properties responding to the observation of the motor act they encode, provided that this is embe...
• On the friendship paradox and inversity: A network property with applications to privacy-sensitive network interventions AI翻译
  作者：Kumar, Vineet; Krackhardt, David; Feld, Scott
  作者单位：Yale University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
  摘要：We provide the mathematical and empirical foundations of the friendship paradox in networks, often stated as Your friends have more friends than you. We prove a set of network properties on friends of friends and characterize the concepts of ego- based and alter-based means. We propose a network property called inversity that quantifies the imbalance in degrees across edges and prove that the sign of inversity determines the ordering between ego-based or alter-based means for any network, with...
• Amoebozoan testate amoebae illuminate the diversity of heterotrophs and the complexity of ecosystems throughout geological time AI翻译
  作者：Porfirio-Sousa, Alfredo L.; Tice, Alexander K.; Morais, Luana; Ribeiro, Giulia M.; Blandenier, Quentin; Dumack, Kenneth; Eglit, Yana; Fry, Nicholas W.; Souza, Maria Beatriz Gomes E.; Henderson, Tristan C.; Kleitz-Singleton, Felicity; Singer, David; Brown, Matthew W.; Lahr, Daniel J. G.
  作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Mississippi State University; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidade Estadual Paulista; University of Cologne; Dalhousie University; Dalhousie University; University of Victoria; Mississippi State University
  摘要：Heterotrophic protists are vital in Earth's ecosystems, influencing carbon and nutrient cycles and occupying key positions in food webs as microbial predators. Fossils and molecular data suggest the emergence of predatory microeukaryotes and the transition to a eukaryote- rich marine environment by 800 million years ago (Ma). Neoproterozoic vase- shaped microfossils (VSMs) linked to Arcellinida testate amoebae represent the oldest evidence of heterotrophic microeukaryotes. This study explores ...
• Optical in situ deciphering of the surface reconstruction- assistant multielectron transfer event of single Co3O4 nanoparticles AI翻译
  作者：Jiang, Bo; Li, Haoran; Wang, Wei; Wang, Hui
  作者单位：Nanjing University
  摘要：Surface reconstruction determines the fate of catalytic sites on the near- surface during the oxygen evolution reaction. However, deciphering the conversion mechanism of various intermediate- states during surface reconstruction remains a challenge. Herein, we employed an optical imaging technique to draw the landscape of dynamic surface reconstruction on individual Co3O4 nanoparticles. By regulating the surface states of Co3O4 nanoparticles, we explored dynamic growth of the CoOx(OH)y sublaye...
• Harnessing elastic instabilities for enhanced mixing and reaction kinetics in porous media AI翻译
  作者：Browne, Christopher A.; Datta, Sujit S.
  作者单位：Princeton University
  摘要：Turbulent flows have been used for millennia to mix solutes; a familiar example is stirring cream into coffee. However, many energy, environmental, and industrial processes rely on the mixing of solutes in porous media where confinement suppresses inertial turbulence. As a result, mixing is drastically hindered, requiring fluid to permeate long distances for appreciable mixing and introducing additional steps to drive mixing that can be expensive and environmentally harmful. Here, we demonstra...
• The West Nile virus genome harbors essential riboregulatory elements with conserved and host- specific functional roles AI翻译
  作者：Huston, Nicholas C.; Tsao, Lucille H.; Brackney, Doug E.; Pyle, Anna Marie
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station; Yale University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
  摘要：West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropod- borne, positive- sense RNA virus that poses an increasing global threat due to warming climates and lack of effective therapeutics. Like other enzootic viruses, little is known about how host context affects the structure of the full-- length RNA genome. Here, we report a complete secondary structure of the entire WNV genome within infected mammalian and arthropod cell lines. Our analysis affords structural insights into multiple, conserved aspects of fla...
• A balance between innovation and biosafety AI翻译
  作者：Perlman, Stanley
  作者单位：University of Iowa