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作者：Kennedy, M. S.; Freiburger, A.; Cooper, M.; Beilsmith, K.; George, M. L. St; Kalski, M.; Cham, C.; Guzzetta, A.; Ng, S. C.; Chan, F. K.; DeLeon, O.; Rubin, D.; Henry, C. S.; Bergelson, J.; Chang, E. B.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Chicago; University of Chicago; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Chicago; New York University; Northwestern University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Loyola University Chicago
摘要：A high-fat, low-fibre Western-style diet (WD) induces microbiome dysbiosis characterized by reduced taxonomic diversity and metabolic breadth(1,2), which in turn increases risk for a wide array of metabolic(3, 4-5), immune(6) and systemic pathologies. Recent work has established that WD can impair microbiome resilience to acute perturbations such as antibiotic treatment(7,8), although little is known about the mechanism of impairment and the specific consequences for the host of prolonged post...
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作者：Fu, Liuhui; Upadhyay, Rabi; Pokrovskii, Maria; Chen, Francis M.; Romero-Meza, Gabriela; Griesemer, Adam; Littman, Dan R.
作者单位：New York University; NYU Langone Medical Center; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NYU Langone Medical Center
摘要：The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to foreign antigens in food and commensal microorganisms with potential to induce adaptive immune responses. Peripherally induced T regulatory (pTreg) cells are essential for mitigating inflammatory responses to these agents1, 2, 3-4. Although ROR gamma t+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) have been shown to programme gut microbiota-specific pTreg cells5, 6-7, their definition remains incomplete, and the APC responsible for food tolerance has re...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Mahendrawada, Lakshmi; Warfield, Linda; Donczew, Rafal; Hahn, Steven
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
摘要：DNA sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) modulate transcription and chromatin architecture, acting from regulatory sites in enhancers and promoters of eukaryotic genes1,2. How multiple TFs cooperate to regulate individual genes is still unclear. In yeast, most TFs are thought to regulate transcription via binding to upstream activating sequences, which are situated within a few hundred base pairs upstream of the regulated gene3. Although this model has been validated for individual TF...
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作者：Berg, Jeremy
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
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作者：Mallapaty, Smriti
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作者：England, Matthew H.; Li, Zhi; Huguenin, Maurice F.; Kiss, Andrew E.; Sen Gupta, Alex; Holmes, Ryan M.; Rahmstorf, Stefan
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; Australian National University; Australian National University; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; Bureau of Meteorology - Australia; Potsdam Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung
摘要：North Atlantic Ocean circulation and temperature patterns profoundly influence global and regional climate across all timescales, from synoptic1 to seasonal2, 3-4, decadal5, multidecadal6,7 and beyond8,9. During 2023, an extreme and near-basin-scale marine heatwave developed during Northern Hemisphere summer, peaking in July. The warming spread across virtually all regions of the North Atlantic, including the subpolar ocean, where a cooling trend over the past 50-100 years has been linked to a...
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作者：Zimmerman, Christopher A.; Bolkan, Scott S.; Pan-Vazquez, Alejandro; Wu, Bichan; Keppler, Emma F.; Meares-Garcia, Jordan B.; Guthman, Eartha Mae; Fetcho, Robert N.; McMannon, Brenna; Lee, Junuk; Hoag, Austin T.; Lynch, Laura A.; Janarthanan, Sanjeev R.; Luna, Juan F. Lopez; Bondy, Adrian G.; Falkner, Annegret L.; Wang, Samuel S. -H.; Witten, Ilana B.
作者单位：Princeton University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Princeton University
摘要：Animals learn the value of foods on the basis of their postingestive effects and thereby develop aversions to foods that are toxic(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9-10) and preferences to those that are nutritious(11, 12-13). However, it remains unclear how the brain is able to assign credit to flavours experienced during a meal with postingestive feedback signals that can arise after a substantial delay. Here we reveal an unexpected role for the postingestive reactivation of neural flavour representa...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Ramirez-Amador, Fidel; Paul, Sophia; Kumar, Anuj; Lorent, Christian; Keller, Sebastian; Bohn, Stefan; Nguyen, Thinh; Lometto, Stefano; Vlegels, Dennis; Kahnt, Joerg; Deobald, Darja; Abendroth, Frank; Vazquez, Olalla; Hochberg, Georg; Scheller, Silvan; Stripp, Sven T.; Schuller, Jan Michael
作者单位：Philipps University Marburg; Philipps University Marburg; Technical University of Berlin; Aalto University; Philipps University Marburg; Max Planck Society; Philipps University Marburg; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ); University of Potsdam
摘要：Methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) is the enzyme responsible for nearly all biologically generated methane1. Its active site comprises coenzyme F430, a porphyrin-based cofactor with a central nickel ion that is active exclusively in the Ni(I) state2,3. How methanogenic archaea perform the reductive activation of F430 represents a major gap in our understanding of one of the most ancient bioenergetic systems in nature. Here we purified and characterized the MCR activation complex from Methanococ...
