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作者：Suesse, Marvin; Grigoriadis, Theocharis
作者单位：Trinity College Dublin; Free University of Berlin
摘要：Gerschenkron (1962) argued that public institutions such as the State Bank of the Russian Empire spurred the country's industrialization. We test this assertion by exploiting plant-level variation in access to State Bank branches using a unique geocoded factory data set. Employing an identification strategy based on geographical distances between banks and factories, our results show improved access to public banking encouraged faster growth in factory-level revenue, mechanization, and labor p...
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作者：Robles-Baez, Christian; Medina, Luis Fernando; Bucheli, Marcelo
作者单位：Stanford University; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：We inquire how a commodity cartel is created by studying the negotiations between Colombia and Brazil to stabilize the international coffee market in the 1930s. We show how differences among actors involved in the industry within the negotiating countries in terms of land ownership and type of coffee produced, prevented early cartelization agreements. Cartelization was only achieved when four factors converged: financial and infrastructural capability to store excess production, in-depth knowl...
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作者：Cage, Julia; Dewitte, Edgard
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Oxford
摘要：We study electoral campaigns over the long run, through the lens of their spending. We build a novel, exhaustive dataset on U.K. general elections from 1857 to 2017. We provide quantitative insights on the history of campaigns, including the shift away from paid staff toward advertising. We then show that the correlation between candidate spending and votes has strongly increased since the 1880s, peaking in the last quarter of the twentieth century. We link this pattern to the introduction of ...
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作者：Severnini, Edson
作者单位：Boston College
