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作者：Salvana, Mary Lai O.; Cao, Jian; Jun, Mik Young
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Variables within the global oceans can reveal the impacts of a warming climate, as the oceans absorb huge amounts of solar energy. Understanding the joint spatial distribution of key ocean variables is, therefore, essential. In this paper we investigate the spatial dependence structure between ocean temperature and salinity using Argo observations and construct a bivariate spatial model covering from the surface through the ocean interior. We develop a flexible class of multivariate nonstation...
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作者：Wu, Menghao; Yao, Zhigang
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：RNA structure determination is essential for understanding its biological functions. However, the reconstruction process often faces challenges, such as atomic clashes, which can lead to inaccurate models. To address these challenges, we introduce the principal submanifold (PSM) approach for analyzing RNA data on a torus. This method provides an accurate, low-dimensional feature representation, overcoming the limitations of previous torus-based methods. By combining PSM with DBSCAN, we propose...
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作者：Hunt, Gregory J.; Gagnon-Bartsch, Johann A.
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：High-throughput cell imaging has been increasingly used in drug discovery to simultaneously profile the morphological response of cells to thousands of compounds using high-resolution microscopy and automated image analysis. Such experiments characterize thousands of image features in millions of cells across thousands of experimental conditions. Analytical difficulties arise with this scale of analysis as many features have distributions with extremely long tails, high skewness, remote outlie...
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作者：Cheng, Chao; Liu, Bo; Wruck, Lisa; Li, Fan
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Yale University
摘要：Comparative effectiveness research frequently addresses a time-to-event outcome and can require unique considerations in the presence of treatment noncompliance. Motivated by the challenges in addressing noncompliance in the ADAPTABLE pragmatic clinical trial, we develop a multiply robust estimator to estimate the principal survival causal effects under the principal ignorability and monotonicity. The multiply robust estimator is consistent, even if one, and sometimes two, of the required mode...
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作者：Wu, Hanqing; Lee, Cue Hyunkyu; Abiri, Najmeh; Ionita-laza, Iuliana
作者单位：Lund University; Columbia University; Malmo University
摘要：Large-scale biobanks and electronic health records (EHR) offer great opportunities for next-generation genetic studies. However, missing phenotype data is a pervasive feature of EHR, leading to low power of such studies. One promising solution is prediction-powered inference, where statistical or machine learning models are employed to impute phenotypes prior to performing genetic analyses. Although many such methods exist, they tend to be generic and do not incorporate domain-aware knowledge ...
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作者：Waterschoot, Wout; Callegaro, Andrea; Moraschini, Luca; Vansteelandt, Stijn
作者单位：Ghent University; GlaxoSmithKline; GlaxoSmithKline Belgium; GlaxoSmithKline; GlaxoSmithKline Belgium
摘要：This work is motivated by randomized clinical trial NCT03281876 (November 2017-March 2020), whose secondary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of the NTHi-Mcat vaccine vs. placebo in preventing recurrent severe exacerbations among patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The published analysis (Vaccine 40 (2022) 5924-5932; Lancet Respir. Med. 10 (2022) 435-446) aimed to estimate the ratio of the expected number of exacerbations one experienced by the e...
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作者：Chen, Anqi A.; Hu, X. Joan; Rosychuk, Rhonda J.
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; University of Alberta
摘要：This paper is motivated by a pediatric mental health care (PMHC) program, which extracted the records of mental health-related emergency department (MHED) visits from population-based administrative databases during 2011-2017. Only information on the subjects with MHED visit experiences is available within a subject-specific time window. We focus on one of the program objectives: understanding how the visit occurrence is associated with the subject's past as well as their demographic and geogr...
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作者：Wilkins-Reeves, Steven; Chen, Yen-chi; Chan, Kwun Chuen Gary
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Data harmonization is the process of developing an equivalence between two measurements of a common domain. Our problem is motivated by dementia research in which multiple neuropsychological tests have been used in practice to measure the same underlying cognitive ability, such as memory or attention. We connect this statistical problem to mixing distribution estimation common in empirical Bayes approaches. We introduce and study a nonparametric latent trait model, develop a method that enforc...
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作者：Yang, Fan F.; Ren, Zhao; Zhou, Wen; Jia, Kejue; Jernigan, Robert
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; New York University; Yale University; Iowa State University
摘要：Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) data play a crucial role in the study of protein mutations, with contact prediction being a notable application. Existing methods are often model-based or algorithmic and typically do not incorporate statistical inference to quantify the uncertainty of the prediction outcomes. To address this, we propose a novel framework that transforms the task of contact prediction into a statistical testing problem. Our approach is motivated by the partial correlation for ...
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作者：Moore, Alan; Chu, Lynna; Zhu, Zhengyuan
作者单位：Iowa State University
摘要：We present a nonparametric change-point detection approach to detect potentially sparse changes in a time series of high-dimensional observations or non-Euclidean data objects. We target a change in distribution that occurs in a small, unknown subset of dimensions, where these dimensions may be correlated. Our work is motivated by a remote sensing application, where changes occur in small, spatially clustered regions over time. An adaptive block-based change-point detection framework is propos...
