-
作者：Ozturk, Orgu; Thomas, Danna; Woodworth, Lindsey
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：This study considers a voluntary hospital certification program and how it shapes patient health outcomes. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative designates participating hospitals as Baby-Friendly if they adhere to various practices thought to promote breastfeeding. We estimate the effect of being born in a Baby-Friendly hospital on breastfeeding initiation and infant health. Identification relies on a within-mother analysis that compares siblings who were born in the same hospital: one when t...
-
作者：Dai, Min; Lei, Yaoting; Liu, Hong; Yang, Chen
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Nanchang University; Washington University (WUSTL); Fudan University; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：We develop a dynamic portfolio model incorporating capital gains tax (CGT), transaction costs, and year-end taxation. We find that even tiny transaction costs can lead to significant deferral of large losses and that transaction costs affect loss deferrals much more than gain deferrals. Our model can thus help explain the puzzle that even when investors face equal long-term/short-term CGT rates, they may still defer realizing large capital losses for an extended period of time, displaying the ...
-
作者：Chen, Min; Kumar, Subodha; Ray, Abhishek
作者单位：George Mason University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University
摘要：Ad fraud is increasingly becoming a major concern in online advertising, with publishers being one of the key sources of fraudulent ad traffic. Although ad fraud deterrence is a critical problem from both technical and economic perspectives, past research has not considered their interplay. Our paper fills this critical gap by building a gametheoretic model wherein an ad network (an intermediary between publishers and advertisers) strategically leverages its technological tool (the configurati...
-
作者：Ghili, Soheil; Kumar, Vineet; Teng, Fei
作者单位：Yale University; National University of Singapore
摘要：We study access to ride-sharing across geographical regions using both theoretical and empirical analyses. We specifically model and examine the effects of economies of density in ride-sharing. Our model predicts that (i) economies of density skew access to ride-sharing away from less dense regions; (ii) the skew will be more pronounced for smaller platforms (i.e., thinner markets); and (iii) ride-sharing platforms do not find this skew efficient and thus, use price and wage levers to mitigate...
-
作者：Jiang, Zhaohui (Zoey); Silberholz, John; Wang, Yixin (Iris); Costa, Deena Kelly; Sjoding, Michael
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Yale University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Employees routinely make valuable contributions at work that are not part of their formal job description, such as helping a struggling coworker. These contributions, termed organizational citizenship behavior, are studied from many angles in the organizational behavior literature. However, the degree to which the past helping behavior of employees scheduled to a shift impacts that shift's operational outcomes remains an underexplored question. We define two measures of past helping behavior f...
-
作者：Feng, Qi; Shanthikumar, J. George; Xue, Mengying
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Fudan University
摘要：Choice models, which specify the consumers' choice probabilities of options over a given choice set, are widely studied and applied in many fields. We propose a temporal tree representation of choice that covers all rational choice models. Compared with existing structural choice models, the tree representation exhibits two major advantages that address the key challenges of model identification. First, all rational choice models have a tree representation, and a subclass of tree representatio...
-
作者：Kim, Jihyeon; Byun, Heejung; Raffiee, Joseph
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of Southern California
摘要：Stigma stemming from managerial scandals often spreads beyond the implicated transgressor and contaminates other actors via stigma by association. We study how associative stigma resulting from scandals involving managerial misconduct affects subordinate worker careers. We extend prior work by distinguishing between managerial misconduct in the professional domain from managerial misconduct in the personal domain and theorize that this distinction will affect the severity of associative stigma...
-
作者：Kagan, Evgeny; Leider, Stephen; Sahin, Ozge
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Characterizing behavior in sequential problems is often complicated by the presence of multiple decision rules with overlapping predictions. To address this issue, we introduce a new experimental and econometric approach for identifying decision strategies in sequential contexts. This approach consists of eliciting conditional strategies (as opposed to direct choices) and measuring policy adherence via maximum-likelihood estimation (as opposed to counting coincidences). Applying this approach ...
-
作者：Cornaggia, Jess; Cornaggia, Kimberly J.; Xia, Han
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：We examine effects on productivity, employment, and debt outcomes among college students whose parents reside in areas that experience financial shocks caused by natural disasters. After shocks, treated students exhibit poorer academic performance. To boost the impaired grade point average, these students sacrifice educational content by withdrawing from more courses and enrolling in fewer STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) courses. Effects are stronger for middle class stude...
-
作者：Gulen, Huseyin; Jens, Candace E.; Page, T. Beau
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University; Syracuse University
摘要：Answering causal questions with generalizable results is challenging. Estimators requiring pseudorandomization provide estimates with no bias (i.e., strong internal validity) but limited generalizability (i.e., weak external validity). Theoretically, causal forest, a nonparametric, machine learning-based matching estimator, can provide low-to-no-bias, generalizable estimates even when treatment is endogenous. We empirically compare the performance of ordinary least squares (OLS), regression di...
