作者：Sand, Peter H.
作者单位：University of Munich
作者：Batifort, Simon; Heath, J. Benton
摘要：This article challenges the conventional wisdom that MFN clauses in investment treaties can always be used to import substantive standards of treatment (e.g. FET). It argues that most tribunals permitting this use of MFN clauses have relied on presumptions and have ignored meaningful variations among clauses. It also points out that states are increasingly questioning the conventional view, and that a recent arbitral award has firmly rejected an attempt to use an MFN clause to import substanti...
作者：Hakimi, Monica
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
作者：Veroneau, John K.; Gibson, Catherine H.
作者：Ventura, Manuel J.
作者单位：Western Sydney University
