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作者：Hamanaka, Shintaro; Jusoh, Sufian
作者单位：Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
摘要：Existing studies on Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs) are mostly based on the European experience. In this paper, we discuss the ongoing attempt of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to establish very unique MRAs, using professional service qualifications, particularly engineering, as a case study. Several ASEAN professional service qualification MRAs employ a hub-and spoke model, wherein neither the hub (regional mechanism) nor the spokes (national authorities) are more pow...
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作者：Yeung, Karen
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of Melbourne
摘要：Innovations in networked digital communications technologies, including the rise of Big Data, ubiquitous computing, and cloud storage systems, may be giving rise to a new system of social ordering known as algorithmic regulation. Algorithmic regulation refers to decisionmaking systems that regulate a domain of activity in order to manage risk or alter behavior through continual computational generation of knowledge by systematically collecting data (in real time on a continuous basis) emitted ...
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作者：Overdevest, Christine; Zeitlin, Jonathan
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Amsterdam
摘要：Over the past decade, the European Union (EU) has created a novel experimentalist architecture for transnational forest governance: the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) initiative. This innovative architecture comprises extensive participation by civil society stakeholders in establishing and revising open-ended framework goals (Voluntary Partnership Agreements [VPAs] with developing countries aimed at promoting sustainable forest governance and preventing illegal logging) ...
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作者：Becker, Manuel; Dorfler, Thomas; Gehring, Thomas
作者单位：Otto Friedrich University Bamberg; United Nations University
摘要：Credible commitment problems arise whenever decisions made according to short-term incentives undermine long-term policy goals. While political actors can credibly commit themselves to their long-term policy goals by delegating decisions to independent regulatory agencies, the member states of international institutions rarely sacrifice control over regulatory decisions. Against the backdrop of the United Nations Compensation Commission established by the Security Council to settle claims on d...
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作者：Woods, Neal D.
作者单位：University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
摘要：Well-known theories suggest that administrative procedures may be used as mechanisms of political control of the bureaucracy. This study investigates whether three common regulatory analysis procedurescost-benefit analysis, risk assessment, and economic impact analysislead to greater influence by political officials on bureaucratic policymaking. Multivariate analyses of data from a unique survey of state administrators indicate that regulatory analysis requirements are associated with decrease...
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作者：Trump, Benjamin; Cummings, Christopher; Kuzma, Jennifer; Linkov, Igor
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Nanyang Technological University; North Carolina State University; North Carolina State University; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; U.S. Army Engineer Research & Development Center (ERDC); ERDC - Risk Modeling
摘要：Synthetic biology (SB) involves the alteration of living cells and biomolecules for specific purposes. Products developed using these approaches could have significant societal benefits, but also pose uncertain risks to human and environmental health. Policymakers currently face decisions regarding how stringently to regulate and monitor various SB applications. This is a complex task, in which policymakers must balance uncertain economic, political, social, and health-related decision factors...
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作者：Chang, Lennon Y. C.; Zhong, Lena Y.; Grabosky, Peter N.
作者单位：Monash University; City University of Hong Kong; Australian National University
摘要：Given the limited resources and capabilities of states to maintain cyber security, a variety of co-production efforts have been made by individuals or by collectives, of varying degrees of organization and coordination. This article identifies different forms of citizen co-production of cyber security and notes the risk of unintended consequences. Safeguards and principles are proposed in order to facilitate constructive citizen/netizen co-production of cyber security. Although co-production o...
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作者：Sabel, Charles; Herrigel, Gary; Kristensen, Peer Hull
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Chicago; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：As production and design disintegrate and become more collaborative, involving dynamic relations between customers and firms supplying complex subsystems and service, products and production methods become more innovative but also more hazardous. The inadvertent co-production of latent hazards by independent firms is forcing firms and regulators to address the problem of uncertainty - the inability to anticipate, much less assign a probability to future states of the world - more directly than...
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作者：Sunstein, Cass R.; Reisch, Lucia A.; Rauber, Julius
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University; Copenhagen Business School; Zeppelin University
摘要：Nudges are choice-preserving interventions that steer people's behavior in specific directions while still allowing them to go their own way. Some nudges have been controversial, because they are seen as objectionably paternalistic. This study reports on nationally representative surveys in eight diverse countries, investigating what people actually think about nudges and nudging. The study covers Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Russia, South Africa, and South Korea. Generally, we fin...
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作者：Papadopoulos, Yannis
作者单位：University of Lausanne
摘要：Multi-level networks of regulatory authorities are considered as vectors of knowledge circulation, norm diffusion, and regulatory coordination. However, this is often assumed without empirical scrutiny of the concrete micro-dynamics between individual participants in networks, which remain a black box for analysts. This paper is mainly based on direct observation and informal interviews conducted during a meeting of the European Platform of Regulatory Authorities in charge of regulation of the...
