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作者：Al-Mutairi, Saad; Connerton, Ian; Dingwall, Robert
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Nottingham Trent University
摘要：Corruption is a relatively neglected topic in studies of regulatory agencies. The label is applied to a wide range of deviations from behavioral standards ultimately derived from Weber's account of the ideals of Prussian bureaucracy. This paper draws on a study of the work of Saudi Food Inspectors to argue that it is unhelpful to reduce a complex phenomenon to simple allegations of malpractice that can be managed by disciplinary sanctions. Our data show that irregular behavior by street-level ...
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作者：Mehrpouya, Afshin; Samiolo, Rita
作者单位：Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris
摘要：Much regulatory intermediation has come to entail forms of calculation and performance measurement. In this paper we analyze the role of performance measurement in regulatory intermediation in a transnational multistakeholder setting where intermediation lacks an official mandate. We do this through a study of the Access to Medicine Index, which ranks pharmaceutical companies in terms of their access to medicine policies and practices in developing countries. We conceptualize multistakeholder ...
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作者：Mathieu, Emmanuelle; Rangoni, Bernardo
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Lausanne; European University Institute
摘要：While the widespread diffusion of experimentalism across sectors and polities is well documented, less is known about the extent of the shift to this non-hierarchical form of governance, which continues to coexist with traditional hierarchical governance and involves more inclusive rulemaking and revision based on review of alternative implementation experiences. By comparing and process-tracing electricity and telecommunications regulation in the European Union, we find diversity in experimen...
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作者：Gupta, Aarti; van Asselt, Harro
作者单位：Wageningen University & Research; University of Eastern Finland
摘要：This article analyzes the interplay between transparency and accountability in multilateral climate politics. The 2015 Paris Agreement calls for a pledge-and-review approach to collective climate action with an enhanced transparency framework as a key pillar of the Agreement. By making visible who is doing what, transparency is widely assumed to be vital to holding countries to account and building trust. We explore whether transparency is generating such effects in this context, by developing...
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作者：Bothello, Joel; Mehrpouya, Afshin
作者单位：Concordia University - Canada; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris
摘要：Recent contributions in the domains of governance and regulation elucidate the importance of rule-intermediation (RI), the role that organizations adopt to bridge actors with regulatory or rulemaking roles and those with target or rule-taking roles. Intermediation not only enables the diffusion and translation of regulatory norms, but also allows for the representation of different actors in policymaking arenas. While prior studies have explored the roles that such RIs adopt to facilitate thei...
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作者：DeMenno, Mercy B.
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University
摘要：Retrospective review of existing regulations is an increasingly common aspect of the regulatory policy cycle. As with prospective regulatory policymaking, public participation is a central feature of many retrospective review initiatives. Despite its theoretical and practical significance, participation in retrospective review has received little scholarly attention. This paper presents the first systematic assessment of participation in United States retrospective regulatory review. Utilizing...
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作者：Correa, Paulo; Melo, Marcus; Mueller, Bernardo; Pereira, Carlos
作者单位：The World Bank; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Universidade de Brasilia; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：Governments face a fundamental tradeoff between regulatory independence and control. Attempts of interference have the effect of reducing the system's level of commitment and credibility. On the other hand, an administration runs the risk that the autonomy delegated to regulators might be used to pursue outcomes that may harm their interests. This tradeoff is particularly relevant when there is an alternation of power with the arrival of a new political elite with different preferences. This p...
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作者：Carter, David P.; Mahallati, Nadia
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：A key question in understanding regulation through independent intermediaries is the extent to which intermediary actions are either coordinated, thereby supporting consistency in regulatory application, or uncoordinated, leading to monitoring and enforcement disparities. This paper examines professional associations as one mechanism by which policy action may be coordinated in decentralized arrangements. Professional associations provide means and venues for members to interact, offer trainin...
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作者：Paiement, Phillip
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：This article builds on the model of regulatory intermediaries by incorporating insights from the field of legal hermeneutics about the process through which the meaning of a legal rule emerges. It describes how intermediaries can take on a jurisgenerative role in the development of legal rules through their interpretation of legal rules. This role is demonstrated through an analysis of social audits from Chinese and Vietnamese factories involved in the Fair Labor Association (FLA). The analysi...
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作者：Spinardi, Graham
作者单位：University of Edinburgh
摘要：Fire safety has traditionally been regulated by prescriptive rules that stipulate requirements according to the type and size of a building, with the regulator's job being to check that these rules have been followed. However, many jurisdictions now allow performance-based design regulation in which approval depends on the regulator assessing the prospective performance of a bespoke fire safety design for a particular project. Regulators thus need to be able to adjudicate on the knowledge clai...
