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作者：DeSombre, Elizabeth R.; Knudsen, Jette Steen; Elder, Molly
作者单位：Wellesley College; Tufts University; Tufts University; Tufts University
摘要：Focusing on 23 greening measures, this paper systematically compares the greening efforts of the busiest container and cargo ports in the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). We move beyond accounts for general environmental differences between the EU and the US to examine how specific environmental decisions are shaped by the effects of regulatory characteristics in each region. We identify systematic variation in number and type of port greening measures adopted in the two regions...
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作者：Ignacio Gonzalez, Camilo; Peci, Alketa
作者单位：University of Antwerp; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：Over the past three decades the Latin American region has experienced various regulatory reforms, and distinctive normative changes have been introduced in the framework, instruments, or procedures adopted by independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). While there is evidence that the establishment of an IRA positively affects regulated sector performance, little is known about the effects of these additional legal dispositions when incorporated in primary or secondary legislation. However, normat...
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作者：Wang, Heng; Gao, Simin
作者单位：Singapore Management University; University of New South Wales Sydney; Tsinghua University; Singapore Management University
摘要：Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is a digital form of fiat currency. CBDC has the potential to be a game challenger in the international financial system, bringing increased complexities arising from technology and regulatory considerations, as well as generating greater currency competition. As more states begin exploring CBDC, the interactions between actors may lead to the emergence of a new CBDC network. What shape would the emerging CBDC network take? What would its network effects be...
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作者：Guo, Danqi; Habich-Sobiegalla, Sabrina; Kostka, Genia
作者单位：Free University of Berlin
摘要：Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, citizens' compliance with government preventive measures was one of the top policy priorities for governments worldwide. This study engages with socio-legal and psychological theories on compliance and proposes an analytical framework to explore the role of different psychological factors on individual-level compliance during global health crises. Using the results of three national surveys, we argue that various negative emotional states, perceptions of the ongoing...
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Dussauge-Laguna, Mauricio I.; Elizondo, Alejandra; Gonzalez, Camilo Ignacio; Lodge, Martin
作者单位：FLACSO Mexico; Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C. (CIDE); University of Antwerp; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; FLACSO Mexico
摘要：How do regulation and development relate to each other? Despite the centrality of this question to the worlds of research and practice, surprisingly little scholarship has reflected on the nexus between regulation and development. Existing studies are mainly concerned with the design and operation of regulatory institutions and instruments in developed countries. Regulatory propositions about developing countries have, however, remained at a rather general level. This introductory article and ...
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作者：Rantala, Kati; Alasuutari, Noora; Kuorikoski, Jaakko
作者单位：University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki
摘要：Agencies involved in generating regulatory policies promote evidence-based regulatory impact assessments (RIAs) to improve the predictability of regulation and develop informed policy. Here, we analyze the epistemic foundations of RIAs. We frame RIA as reasoning that connects various types of knowledge to inferences about the future. Drawing on Stephen Toulmin's model of argumentation, we situate deductive and inductive reasoning steps within a schema we call the impact argument. This approach...
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作者：Crepaz, Michele; Arikan, Gizem
作者单位：Queens University Belfast; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：Scholarly evidence of transparency's beneficial effects on trust and perceptions of corruption remains debated and confined to the study of public administration. We contribute to this debate by extending the study of its effects to transparency legislation concerning members of parliament (MPs), political parties, and business interest groups. In an online experiment conducted in Ireland with 1373 citizens, we find that transparency in political donations improves trust in political parties, ...
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作者：van der Ven, Hamish
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：Practices of stakeholder engagement vary widely across voluntary sustainability standard setters. This study examines how the sponsorship structure of standard setters affects the diversity of stakeholders included in consultations and the influence of stakeholder input on standards. I compare six sustainability standard setters through an original dataset of 7945 stakeholder comments submitted during public comment periods between 2012 and 2019 to answer two research questions. First, are som...
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作者：Pfeffer, Elizabeth Gordon
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：This article addresses a key political question regarding the relationship between states and their citizens: how harsh are judicial systems in their punishment of those who deviate from the law? Punitiveness is a fraught concept in the existing literature and robust measurement methods maximizing conceptual complexity are lacking. Here I develop a functional approach to punitiveness through a revised conceptualization and operationalization of this key variable while cautioning against the so...
