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作者：PANG, CF; THOMPSON, WA; FALLAHI, H
作者单位：Eastman Kodak
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作者：TIERNEY, L; KASS, RE; KADANE, JB
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：This paper presents an asymptotic approximation for the marginal density of a nonlinear function g(.theta.) that is applicable when the joint density of .theta. is dominated by a single mode and the Jacobian of g is of full rank near that mode. The approximation is based on Laplace''s method and its asymptotic properties are similar to those of the saddlepoint approximation. The approximation is applied to that computation of a marginal posterior density, a marginal sampling density and a marg...
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作者：EVANS, MJ; GILULA, Z; GUTTMAN, I
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：Latent class analysis in two-way contingency tables usually suffers from unidentifiability problems. These can be overcome by using Bayesian techniques in which prior distributions are assumed on the latent parameters. Application of these techniques, however, involves some unusual computational difficulties. Bayesian techniques suitable for latent class analyses together with a remedy to the computational difficulties are discussed in this paper.
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作者：KIM, HJ; SIEGMUND, D
作者单位：Syracuse University; Stanford University
摘要：We consider likelihood ratio tests to detect a change-point in simple linear regression (a) when the alternative specifies that only the intercept changes and (b) when the alternative permits the intercept and the slope to change. Approximations for the significance level are obtained under reasonably general assumptions about the empirical distribution of the independent variable. The approximations are compared with simulations in order to assess their accuracy. For the model in which only t...
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作者：TANG, DI; GNECCO, C; GELLER, NL
摘要：A new multivariate statistic, designed to be sensitive to the alternative hypothesis that a mean vector lies in the positive orthant, rather than to all alternatives or to alternatives on a line (O''Brien, 1984), is proposed. The statistic is shown to approximate the likelihood ratio test statistic for such alternatives (Kudo, 1963; Perlman, 1969). Its null distribution is a special case of the chi-bar-squared distribution, which allows critical values to be obtained. Such a statistic may be u...
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作者：WIEAND, S; GAIL, MH; JAMES, BR; JAMES, KL
作者单位：Mayo Clinic; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI)
摘要：In this paper we study a broad class of nonparametric statistics for comparing two diagnostic markers. One can compare the sensitivities of these diagnostic markers over restricted ranges of specificity by selecting an appropriate statistic from this class. As special cases, one can compare the entire area under the receiver-operator curve (Hanley and McNeil, 1982), or one can compare the sensitivities at a fixed common specificity. Usually we would recommend a comparison based on an average o...
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作者：CROWDER, M; SWEETING, T
摘要：A bivariate distribution is investigated in connection with an application in microbiology. It has binomial marginal and conditional distributions. The parameter structure is examined, and it is shown that a conjugate Bayesian prior distribution arises from prior independence specifications. Under these specifications the usual limiting conjugate prior can be obtained via invariance considerations.
