2006

最新文章

• Locally efficient estimation with bivariate right-censored data AI翻译
  作者：Quale, Christopher M.; Van der Laan, Mark J.; Robins, James R.
  作者单位：Novo Nordisk; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
  摘要：Estimation of the survival curve for independently right-censored bivariate failure time data is a problem that has been studied extensively over the past 20 years. In this article we propose a new class of estimators for the bivariate survivor function based on locally efficient (LE) estimation. The LE estimator takes bivariate estimators F, and G,, of the distributions of the time variables (T-1, T-2) and the censoring variables (C-1, C-2), and maps them to the resulting estimator LE. If F, ...
• Multicategory Ψ-learning AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Yufeng; Shen, Xiaotong
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：In binary classification, margin-based techniques usually deliver high performance. As a result, a multicategory problem is often treated as a sequence of binary classifications. In the absence of a dominating class, this treatment may be suboptimal and may yield poor performance, such as for support vector machines (SVMs). We propose a novel multicategory generalization of psi-learning that treats all classes simultaneously. The new generalization eliminates this potential problem while at th...
• Likelihood-based inference on haplotype effects in genetic association studies AI翻译
  作者：Lin, DY; Zeng, D
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
  摘要：A haplotype is a specific sequence of nucleotides on a single chromosome. The population associations between haplotypes and disease phenotypes provide critical information about the genetic basis of complex human diseases. Standard genotyping techniques cannot distinguish the two homologous chromosomes of an individual, so only the unphased genotype (i.e., the combination of the two homologous haplotypes) is directly observable. Statistical inference about haplotype-phenotype associations bas...
• Distribution of runs and longest runs: A new generating function approach AI翻译
  作者：Kong, Yong
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Exact distributions of run statistics are traditionally obtained using combinatorial methods, which, under certain situations, become very tedious. Run distributions of multiple object systems, although appearing frequently in applications from various fields, such as computational biology, are not commonly used, due in part to the lack of easy-to-use formulas. In this article, a method for evaluating partition functions of lattice models in the field of statistical mechanics is used to develo...
• Specifying and implementing nonparametric and semiparametric survival estimators in two-stage (nested) cohort studies with missing case data AI翻译
  作者：Mark, Steven D.; Katki, Hormuzd A.
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado Denver; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI); NIH National Cancer Institute- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics
  摘要：Since 1986, we have been studying a cohort of individuals from a region in China with epidemic rates of gastric cardia cancer and have conducted numerous two-stage studies to assess the association of various exposures with this cancer. Two-stage studies are a commonly used statistical design. Stage one involves observing the outcomes and accessible baseline covariate information on all cohort members, and stage two involves using the stage one observations to select a subset of the cohort for...
• Bayesian model averaging with applications to benchmark dose estimation for arsenic in drinking water AI翻译
  作者：Morales, KH; Ibrahim, JG; Chen, CJ; Ryan, LM
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; National Taiwan University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
  摘要：An important component of quantitative risk assessment involves characterizing the dose-response relationship between an environmental exposure and adverse health outcome and then computing a benchmark dose, or the exposure level that yields a suitably low risk. This task is often complicated by model choice considerations, because risk estimates depend on the model parameters. We pro pose using Bayesian methods to address the problem of model selection and derive a model-averaged version of t...
• Calibrated probabilistic forecasting at the stateline wind energy center: The regime-switching space-time method AI翻译
  作者：Gneiting, Tilmann; Larson, Kristin; Westrick, Kenneth; Genton, Marc G.; Aldrich, Eric
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Duke University; University of Bayreuth
  摘要：With the global proliferation of wind power, the need for accurate short-term forecasts of wind resources at wind energy sites is becoming paramount. Regime-switching space-time (RST) models merge meteorological and statistical expertise to obtain accurate and calibrated, fully probabilistic forecasts of wind speed and wind power. The model formulation is parsimonious, yet takes into account all of the salient features of wind speed: alternating atmospheric regimes, temporal and spatial correl...
• Multiple imputation of missing income data in the National Health Interview Survey AI翻译
  作者：Schenker, Nathaniel; Raghunathan, Trivellore E.; Chiu, Pei-Lu; Makuc, Diane M.; Zhang, Guangyu; Cohen, Alan J.
  作者单位：Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) provides a rich source of data for studying relationships between income and health and for monitoring health and health care for persons at different income levels. However, the nonresponse rates are high for two key items, total family income in the previous calendar year and personal earnings from employment in the previous calendar year. To handle the missing data on family income and personal earnings in the NHIS, multiple imputation of these it...
• Bayesian sample size determination for case-control studies AI翻译
  作者：M'Lan, Cyr Emile; Joseph, Lawrence; Wolfson, David B.
  作者单位：University of Connecticut; McGill University; McGill University
  摘要：Case-control studies are among the most commonly used means of assessing association between exposure and outcome. Sample size determination and the optimal control-to-case ratio are vital to the design of such studies. In this article we investigate Bayesian sample size determination and the control-to-case ratio for case-control studies, when interval estimation is the goal of the eventual statistical analysis. In certain cases we are able to derive approximate closed-form sample size formul...
• Inference for mixtures of finite Polya tree models AI翻译
  作者：Hanson, Timothy E.
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Mixtures of Polya tree models provide a flexible alternative when a parametric model may only hold approximately. I provide computational strategies for obtaining full serniparametric inference for mixtures of finite Polya tree models given a standard parameterization, including models that would be troublesome to fit using Dirichlet process mixtures. Recommendations are put forth on choosing the level of a finite Polya tree, and model comparison is discussed. Several examples demonstrate the ...