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作者：Lu, Xiaosun; Marron, J. S.; Haaland, Perry
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This article discusses a study of cell images in cell culture biology from an object-oriented point of view. The motivation of this research is to develop a statistical approach to cell image analysis that better supports the automated development of stem cell growth media. A major hurdle in this process is the need for human expertise, based on studying cells under the microscope, to make decisions about the next step of the cell culture process. We aim to use digital imaging technology coupl...
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作者：Minas, Giorgos; Aston, John A. D.; Stallard, Nigel
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick
摘要：We present a methodology for dealing with recent challenges in testing global hypotheses using multivariate observations. The proposed tests target situations, often arising in emerging applications of neuroimaging, where the sample size n is relatively small compared with the observations' dimension K. We employ adaptive designs allowing for sequential modifications of the test statistics adapting to accumulated data. The adaptations are optimal in the sense of maximizing the predictive power...
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作者：Percival, Daniel M.; Percival, Donald B.; Denbo, Donald W.; Gica, Edison; Huang, Paul Y.; Mofjeld, Harold O.; Spillane, Michael C.
作者单位：Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA
摘要：In response to hazards posed by earthquake-induced tsunamis, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration developed a system for issuing timely warnings to coastal communities. This system, in part, involves matching data collected in real time from deep-ocean buoys to a database of precomputed geophysical models, each associated with a geographical location. Currently, trained operators must handpick models from the database using the epicenter of the earthquake as guidance, whic...
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作者：Efron, Bradley
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Classical statistical theory ignores model selection in assessing estimation accuracy. Here we consider bootstrap methods for computing standard errors and confidence intervals that take model selection into account. The methodology involves bagging, also known as bootstrap smoothing, to tame the erratic discontinuities of selection-based estimators. A useful new formula for the accuracy of bagging then provides standard errors for the smoothed estimators. Two examples, nonparametric and param...
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作者：Rosenblum, Michael; Liu, Han; Yen, En-Hsu
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Princeton University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We propose new, optimal methods for analyzing randomized trials, when it is suspected that treatment effects may differ in two predefined subpopulations. Such subpopulations could be defined by a biomarker or risk factor measured at baseline. The goal is to simultaneously learn which subpopulations benefit from an experimental treatment, while providing strong control of the familywise Type I error rate. We formalize this as a multiple testing problem and show it is computationally infeasible ...
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作者：Rashid, Naim; Sun, Wei; Ibrahim, Joseph G.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：In DAB (DNA after enrichment)-seq experiments, genomic regions related with certain biological processes are enriched/isolated by an assay and are then sequenced on a high-throughput sequencing platform to determine their genomic positions. Statistical analysis of DAE-seq data aims to detect genomic regions with significant aggregations of isolated DNA fragments (enriched regions) versus all the other regions (background). However, many Confounding factors may influence DAE-seq signals. In add...
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作者：Wheeler, Matthew W.; Dunson, David B.; Pandalai, Sudha P.; Baker, Brent A.; Herring, Amy H.
作者单位：Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH); Duke University; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH); University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：The statistics literature on functional data analysis focuses primarily on flexible black-box approaches, which are designed to allow individual curves to have essentially any shape while characterizing variability. Such methods typically cannot incorporate mechanistic information, which is commonly expressed in terms of differential equations. Motivated by studies of muscle activation, we propose a nonparametric Bayesian approach that takes into account mechanistic understanding of muscle phy...
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作者：Ayra, Eduardo S.; Rios Insua, David; Cano, Javier
作者单位：Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
摘要：According to the International Air Transport Association, the industry fuel bill accounts for more than 25% of the annual airline operating costs. In times of severe economic constraints and increasing fuel costs, air carriers are looking for ways to reduce costs and improve fuel efficiency without putting flight safety into jeopardy. In particular, this is inducing discussions on how much additional fuel to put in a planned route to avoid diverting to an alternate airport due to Air Traffic F...
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作者：Claggett, Brian; Xie, Minge; Tian, Lu
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Stanford University
摘要：Meta-analysis is a valuable tool for combining information from independent studies. However, most common meta-analysis techniques rely on distributional assumptions that are difficult, if not impossible, to verify. For instance, in the commonly used fixed-effects and random-effects models, we take for granted that the underlying study-level parameters are either exactly the same across individual studies or that they are realizations of a random sample from a population, often under a paramet...
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作者：Gupta, Shuva; Lahiri, S. N.
作者单位：North Carolina State University
