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作者：Mishchenko, Yuriy; Vogelstein, Joshua T.; Paninski, Liam
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; Johns Hopkins University
摘要：Deducing the structure of neural circuits is one of the central problems of modern neuroscience. Recently-introduced calcium fluorescent imaging methods permit experimentalists to observe network activity in large populations of neurons, but these techniques provide only indirect observations of neural spike trains, with limited time resolution and signal quality. In this work we present a Bayesian approach for inferring neural circuitry given this type of imaging data. We model the network ac...
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作者：Brentnall, Adam R.; Duffy, Stephen W.; Crowder, Martin J.; Gillan, Maureen G. C.; Astley, Susan M.; Wallis, Matthew G.; James, Jonathan; Boggis, Caroline R. M.; Gilbert, Fiona J.
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; Imperial College London; University of Aberdeen; University of Manchester; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Addenbrooke's Hospital; University of Cambridge; Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust; Nottingham City Hospital; Wythenshawe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Wythenshawe Hospital
摘要：When a model may be fitted separately to each individual statistical unit, inspection of the point estimates may help the statistician to understand between-individual variability and to identify possible relationships. However, some information will be lost in such an approach because estimation uncertainty is disregarded. We present a comparative method for exploratory repeated-measures analysis to complement the point estimates that was motivated by and is demonstrated by analysis of data f...
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作者：Witten, Daniela M.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：In recent years, advances in high throughput sequencing technology have led to a need for specialized methods for the analysis of digital gene expression data. While gene expression data measured on a microarray take on continuous values and can be modeled using the normal distribution, RNA sequencing data involve nonnegative counts and are more appropriately modeled using a discrete count distribution, such as the Poisson or the negative binomial. Consequently, analytic tools that assume a Ga...
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作者：Jung, Sungkyu; Foskey, Mark; Marron, J. S.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：We propose a new approach to analyze data that naturally lie on manifolds. We focus on a special class of manifolds, called direct product manifolds, whose intrinsic dimension could be very high. Our method finds a low-dimensional representation of the manifold that can be used to find and visualize the principal modes of variation of the data, as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) does in linear spaces. The proposed method improves upon earlier manifold extensions of PCA by more concisely cap...
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作者：Thioulouse, Jean
作者单位：VetAgro Sup; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1
摘要：A pair of ecological tables is made of one table containing environmental variables (in columns) and another table containing species data (in columns). The rows of these two tables are identical and correspond to the sites where environmental variables and species data have been measured. Such data are used to analyze the relationships between species and their environment. If sampling is repeated over time for both tables, one obtains a sequence of pairs of ecological tables. Analyzing this ...
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作者：Speed, Doug; Tavare, Simon
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge
摘要：This paper presents Sparse Partitioning, a Bayesian method for identifying predictors that either individually or in combination with others affect a response variable. The method is designed for regression problems involving binary or tertiary predictors and allows the number of predictors to exceed the size of the sample, two properties which make it well suited for association studies. Sparse Partitioning differs from other regression methods by placing no restrictions on how the predictors...
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作者：Bovy, Jo; Hogg, David W.; Roweis, Sam T.
作者单位：New York University; New York University
摘要：We generalize the well-known mixtures of Gaussians approach to density estimation and the accompanying Expectation-Maximization technique for finding the maximum likelihood parameters of the mixture to the case where each data point carries an individual d-dimensional uncertainty covariance and has unique missing data properties. This algorithm reconstructs the error-deconvolved or underlying distribution function common to all samples, even when the individual data points are samples from dif...
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作者：Sain, Stephan R.; Furrer, Reinhard; Cressie, Noel
作者单位：National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; University of Zurich; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Climate models have become an important tool in the study of climate and climate change, and ensemble experiments consisting of multiple climate-model runs are used in studying and quantifying the uncertainty in climate-model output. However, there are often only a limited number of model runs available for a particular experiment, and one of the statistical challenges is to characterize the distribution of the model output. To that end, we have developed a multivariate hierarchical approach, ...
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作者：Bhattacharya, Sourabh; Maitra, Ranjan
作者单位：Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata; Iowa State University
摘要：Effective connectivity analysis provides an understanding of the functional organization of the brain by studying how activated regions influence one other. We propose a nonparametric Bayesian approach to model effective connectivity assuming a dynamic nonstationary neuronal system. Our approach uses the Dirichlet process to specify an appropriate (most plausible according to our prior beliefs) dynamic model as the expectation of a set of plausible models upon which we assign a probability dis...
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作者：Latouche, Pierre; Birmele, Etienne; Ambroise, Christophe
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Mathematical Sciences (INSMI); Universite Paris Saclay; INRAE
摘要：Complex systems in nature and in society are often represented as networks, describing the rich set of interactions between objects of interest. Many deterministic and probabilistic clustering methods have been developed to analyze such structures. Given a network, almost all of them partition the vertices into disjoint clusters, according to their connection profile. However, recent studies have shown that these techniques were too restrictive and that most of the existing networks contained ...
