-
作者：Molina, Isabel; Nandram, Balgobin; Rao, J. N. K.
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Carleton University
摘要：Poverty maps are used to aid important political decisions such as allocation of development funds by governments and international organizations. Those decisions should be based on the most accurate poverty figures. However, often reliable poverty figures are not available at fine geographical levels or for particular risk population subgroups due to the sample size limitation of current national surveys. These surveys cannot cover adequately all the desired areas or population subgroups and,...
-
作者：Jernite, Yacine; Latouche, Pierre; Bouveyron, Charles; Rivera, Patrick; Jegou, Laurent; Lamasse, Stephane
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Mathematical Sciences (INSMI); heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Humanities & Social Sciences (INSHS)
摘要：In the last two decades many random graph models have been proposed to extract knowledge from networks. Most of them look for communities or, more generally, clusters of vertices with homogeneous connection profiles. While the first models focused on networks with binary edges only, extensions now allow to deal with valued networks. Recently, new models were also introduced in order to characterize connection patterns in networks through mixed memberships. This work was motivated by the need o...
-
作者：Volfovsky, Alexander; Hoff, Peter D.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：ANOVA decompositions are a standard method for describing and estimating heterogeneity among the means of a response variable across levels of multiple categorical factors. In such a decomposition, the complete set of main effects and interaction terms can be viewed as a collection of vectors, matrices and arrays that share various index sets defined by the factor levels. For many types of categorical factors, it is plausible that an ANOVA decomposition exhibits some consistency across orders ...
-
作者：Kumazawa, Takao; Ogata, Yosihiko
作者单位：Research Organization of Information & Systems (ROIS); Institute of Statistical Mathematics (ISM) - Japan; University of Tokyo
摘要：The conditional intensity function of a point process is a useful tool for generating probability forecasts of earthquakes. The epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model is defined by a conditional intensity function, and the corresponding point process is equivalent to a branching process, assuming that an earthquake generates a cluster of offspring earthquakes (triggered earthquakes or so-called aftershocks). Further, the size of the first-generation cluster depends on the magnitude of ...
-
作者：Milanzi, Elasma; Alonso, Ariel; Buyck, Christophe; Molenberghs, Geert; Bijnens, Luc
作者单位：Hasselt University; Maastricht University; Johnson & Johnson; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Johson & Johnson Belgium; KU Leuven
摘要：Expert opinion plays an important role when selecting promising clusters of chemical compounds in the drug discovery process. We propose a method to quantify these qualitative assessments using hierarchical models. However, with the most commonly available computing resources, the high dimensionality of the vectors of fixed effects and correlated responses renders maximum likelihood unfeasible in this scenario. We devise a reliable procedure to tackle this problem and show, using theoretical a...
-
作者：Huang, Yen-Tsung; VanderWeele, Tyler J.; Lin, Xihong
作者单位：Brown University; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; Harvard University; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
摘要：Genetic association studies have been a popular approach for assessing the association between common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and complex diseases. However, other genomic data involved in the mechanism from SNPs to disease, for example, gene expressions, are usually neglected in these association studies. In this paper, we propose to exploit gene expression information to more powerfully test the association between SNPs and diseases by jointly modeling the relations among SNPs,...
-
作者：Barboza, Luis; Li, Bo; Tingley, Martin P.; Viens, Frederi G.
作者单位：Universidad Costa Rica; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Harvard University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：We produce new reconstructions of Northern Hemisphere annually averaged temperature anomalies back to 1000 AD, and explore the effects of including external climate forcings within the reconstruction and of accounting for short-memory and long-memory features. Our reconstructions are based on two linear models, with the first linking the latent temperature series to three main external forcings (solar irradiance, greenhouse gas concentration and volcanism), and the second linking the observed ...
-
作者：Chang, Won; Haran, Murali; Olson, Roman; Keller, Klaus
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：How will the climate system respond to anthropogenic forcings? One approach to this question relies on climate model projections. Current climate projections are considerably uncertain. Characterizing and, if possible, reducing this uncertainty is an area of ongoing research. We consider the problem of making projections of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Uncertainties about climate model parameters play a key role in uncertainties in AMOC projections. When the ob...
-
作者：O'Sullivan, Finbarr; Muzi, Mark; Mankoff, David A.; Eary, Janet F.; Spence, Alexander M.; Krohn, Kenneth A.
作者单位：University College Cork; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Pennsylvania; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
摘要：Most radiotracers used in dynamic positron emission tomography ( PET) scanning act in a linear time-invariant fashion so that the measured time-course data are a convolution between the time course of the tracer in the arterial supply and the local tissue impulse response, known as the tissue residue function. In statistical terms the residue is a life table for the transit time of injected radiotracer atoms. The residue provides a description of the tracer kinetic information measurable by a ...
-
作者：Schnitzer, Mireille E.; van der Laan, Mark J.; Moodie, Erica E. M.; Platt, Robert W.
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; McGill University
摘要：The PROmotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) cluster-randomized a program encouraging breastfeeding to new mothers in hospital centers. The original studies indicated that this intervention successfully increased duration of breastfeeding and lowered rates of gastrointestinal tract infections in newborns. Additional scientific and popular interest lies in determining the causal effect of longer breastfeeding on gastrointestinal infection. In this study, we estimate the expected i...
