-
作者：Maroulas, Vasileios; Nebenfuehr, Andreas
作者单位：University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
摘要：We focus on the biological problem of tracking organelles as they move through cells. In the past, most intracellular movements were recorded manually, however, the results are too incomplete to capture the full complexity of organelle motions. An automated tracking algorithm promises to provide a complete analysis of noisy microscopy data. In this paper, we adopt statistical techniques from a Bayesian random set point of view. Instead of considering each individual organelle, we examine a ran...
-
作者：Wager, Stefan; Blocker, Alexander; Cardin, Niall
作者单位：Stanford University; Alphabet Inc.; Google Incorporated
摘要：Consider a classification problem where we do not have access to labels for individual training examples, but only have average labels over sub-populations. We give practical examples of this setup and show how such a classification task can usefully be analyzed as a weakly supervised clustering problem. We propose three approaches to solving the weakly supervised clustering problem, including a latent variables model that performs well in our experiments. We illustrate our methods on an analy...
-
作者：Cahill, Niamh; Kemp, Andrew C.; Horton, Benjamin P.; Parnell, Andrew C.
作者单位：University College Dublin; Tufts University; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：We perform Bayesian inference on historical and late Holocene (last 2000 years) rates of sea-level change. The input data to our model are tide-gauge measurements and proxy reconstructions from cores of coastal sediment. These data are complicated by multiple sources of uncertainty, some of which arise as part of the data collection exercise. Notably, the proxy reconstructions include temporal uncertainty from dating of the sediment core using techniques such as radiocarbon. The model we propo...
-
作者：Li, Jiahan; Wang, Zhong; Li, Runze; Wu, Rongling
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Beijing Forestry University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Penn State Health
摘要：Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven powerful for comprehending the genetic architecture of complex traits, they are challenged by a high dimension of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictors, the presence of complex environmental factors, and longitudinal or functional natures of many complex traits or diseases. To address these challenges, we propose a high-dimensional varying-coefficient model for incorporating functional aspects of phenotypic traits into ...
-
作者：Schildcrout, Jonathan S.; Rathouz, Paul J.; Zelnick, Leila R.; Garbett, Shawn P.; Heagerty, Patrick J.
作者单位：Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Vanderbilt University
摘要：Substudies of the Childhood Asthma Management Program [Control. Clin. Trials 20 (1999) 91-120; N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (2000) 1054-1063] seek to identify patient characteristics associated with asthma symptoms and lung function. To determine if genetic measures are associated with trajectories of lung function as measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), children in the primary cohort study retrospectively had candidate loci evaluated. Given participant burden and constraints on financial resource...
-
作者：Talih, Makram
作者单位：Centers for Disease Control & Prevention - USA; CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
摘要：The Renyi index (RI) is a one-parameter class of indices that summarize health disparities among population groups by measuring divergence between the distributions of disease burden and population shares of these groups. The rank-dependent RI introduced in this paper is a two-parameter class of health disparity indices that also accounts for the association between socioeconomic rank and health; it may be derived from a rank-dependent social welfare function. Two competing classes are discuss...
-
作者：Hui, Francis K. C.; Warton, David I.; Foster, Scott D.
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
摘要：Multi-species distribution modeling, which relates the occurrence of multiple species to environmental variables, is an important tool used by ecologists for both predicting the distribution of species in a community and identifying the important variables driving species co-occurrences. Recently, Dunstan, Foster and Darnell [Ecol. Model. 222 (2011) 955-963] proposed using finite mixture of regression (FMR) models for multi-species distribution modeling, where species are clustered based on th...
-
作者：Klein, Nadja; Kneib, Thomas; Lang, Stefan; Sohn, Alexander
作者单位：University of Gottingen; University of Innsbruck
摘要：We propose a generic Bayesian framework for inference in distributional regression models in which each parameter of a potentially complex response distribution and not only the mean is related to a structured additive predictor. The latter is composed additively of a variety of different functional effect types such as nonlinear effects, spatial effects, random coefficients, interaction surfaces or other (possibly nonstandard) basis function representations. To enforce specific properties of ...
