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作者：Dong, Larry; Moodie, Erica E. M.; Villain, Laura; Thiebaut, Rodolphe
作者单位：McGill University; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite de Bordeaux
摘要：A dynamic treatment regimes (DTR) represents a statistical paradigm in precision medicine which aims to optimize patient outcomes by individualizing treatments. At its simplest, a DTR may require only a single decision to be made; this special case is called an individualized treatment rule (ITR) and is often used to maximize short-term rewards. Generalized dynamic weighted ordinary least squares (G-dWOLS), a DTR estimation method that offers theoretical advantages such as double robustness of...
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作者：Ghosh, Satyajit; Khare, Kshitij; Michailidis, George
作者单位：US Food & Drug Administration (FDA); State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：Even though many time series are sampled at different frequencies, their joint evolution is usually modeled and analyzed at a common low frequency. The mixed data sampling (MIDAS) framework was developed to enable joint modeling of mixed frequency temporally evolving data with GDP forecasting as a key motivating application. In this paper we develop a fully Bayesian method to jointly estimate both the appropriate lag as well as the regression coefficients in linear models wherein the response ...
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作者：Sarti, Danilo A.; Prado, Estevao B.; Inglis, Alan N.; Dos Santos, Antonia A. L.; Hurley, Catherine B.; Moral, Rafael A.; Parnell, Andrew C.
作者单位：Maynooth University; Maynooth University
摘要：We propose a new class of models for the estimation of genotype by environment (GxE) interactions in plant-based genetics. Our approach, named AMBARTI, uses semiparametric Bayesian additive regression trees to accurately capture marginal genotypic and environment effects along with their interaction in a cut Bayesian framework. We demonstrate that our approach is competitive or superior to similar models widely used in the literature via both simulation and a real world dataset. Furthermore, w...
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作者：Sun, Yifei; Chiou, Sy Han; Wu, Colin O.; McGarry, Meghan E.; Huang, Chiung-Yu
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI); University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
摘要：With the availability of massive amounts of data from electronic health records and registry databases, incorporating time-varying patient information to improve risk prediction has attracted great attention. To exploit the growing amount of predictor information over time, we develop a unified framework for landmark prediction, using survival tree ensembles, where an updated prediction can be performed when new information becomes available. Compared to conventional landmark prediction with f...
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作者：Criscuolo, Tulio L.; Assuncao, Renato M.; Loschi, Rosangela H.; Meira Jr, Wagner; Cruz-Reyes, Danna
作者单位：Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; National University of Rosario
摘要：A common difficulty in data analysis is how to handle categorical predictors with a large number of levels or categories. Few proposals have been developed to tackle this important and frequent problem. We introduce a generative model that simultaneously carries out the model fitting and the aggregation of the categorical levels into larger groups. We represent the categorical predictor by a graph where the nodes are the categories and establish a probability distribution over meaningful parti...
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作者：Sun, Yuming; Kang, Jian; Brummett, Chad; Li, Yi
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Preoperative opioid use has been reported to be associated with higher preoperative opioid demand, worse postoperative outcomes, and increased postoperative healthcare utilization and expenditures. Understanding the risk of preoperative opioid use helps establish patient-centered pain management. In the field of machine learning, deep neural network (DNN) has emerged as a powerful means for risk assessment because of its superb prediction power; however, the blackbox algorithms may make the re...
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作者：Maronge, Jacob M.; Huling, Jared D.; Chen, Guanhua
作者单位：University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) for treatment recommendation is an important topic for precision medicine as not all beneficial treatments work well for all individuals. Interpretability is a desirable property of ITRs, as it helps practitioners make sense of treatment decisions, yet there is a need for ITRs to be flexible to effectively model complex biomedical data for treat-ment decision making. Many ITR approaches either focus on linear ITRs, which may perform poorly when true optima...
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作者：Yao, Tsung-hung; Wu, Zhenke; Bharath, Karthik; Li, Jinju; Baladandayuthapani, Veerabhadran
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Nottingham
摘要：Accurate identification of synergistic treatment combinations and their underlying biological mechanisms is critical across many disease domains, especially cancer. In translational oncology research, preclinical systems, such as patient-derived xenografts (PDX), have emerged as a unique study design evaluating multiple treatments administered to samples from the same human tumor implanted into genetically identical mice. In this paper we propose a novel Bayesian probabilistic tree-based frame...
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作者：Ben-Michael, Eli; Arbour, David; Feller, Avi; Franks, Alexander; Raphael, Steven
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Adobe Systems Inc.; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Gun violence is a critical public safety concern in the United States. In 2006, California implemented a unique firearm monitoring program, the Armed and Prohibited Persons System (APPS), to address gun violence in the state. The APPS program first identifies those firearm owners who be-come prohibited from owning one, due to federal or state law, then confiscates their firearms. Our goal is to assess the effect of APPS on California murder rates using annual, state-level crime data across the...
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作者：Sobel, Michael E.; Wawro, Gregory J.; Farhang, Sean
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：A large literature on judicial decision making asks if judges with different features of an attribute (e.g, sex, race) adjudicate cases differently. Researchers estimate models for case outcomes, interpreting coefficients associated with attributes as effects. But attributes are not treatments. While these coefficients indicate how judges with different features adjudicate the different cases they are assigned, ideally, different judges should be compared on a common set of cases. We construct...
