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作者：Pollitt, C
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
摘要：This article reports a study of performance management practices in four functions across four European Union member states (Finland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). The focus is on how and to what extent performance indicators influenced the top management of the agencies concerned and the degree to which performance data were used by ministries as steering instruments. The research uses a historical institutionalist perspective combined with a model that identifies primary ...
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作者：Wilkins, VM; Keiser, LR
作者单位：University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
摘要：Does it matter whether political institutions are representative in terms of the characteristics of the people who work there? We explore this question by empirically examining whether passive representation leads to active representation in child support-enforcement bureaucracies for women. Our findings support the hypothesis that passive representation leads to active representation for women in gendered policy areas like child support. Furthermore, the link between passive and active repres...
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作者：McDermott, KA
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Since the 1980s, most of the states and the U.S. federal government have enacted policies based upon the theory of standards-based education reform. These policies attempt to use incentives to overcome the difficulty of implementing policy in a loosely coupled system. This article presents a case study of the implementation of standards-based reform in Massachusetts. The case study shows how poorly thought-out incentive structures, lack of capacity, and lack of trust impeded implementation of ...
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作者：Yackee, SW
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Students of politics have identified a variety of actors who appear to influence the federal bureaucracy's implementation of public policy, including Congress, the president, and interest groups. These lines of research, however, have often portrayed interest groups as actors with indirect influence (who, for example, work through or with Congress), rather than assessing the direct influence of interest groups on bureaucratic policy outputs. I conduct a test of direct interest group influence ...
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作者：James, O
作者单位：University of Exeter
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作者：Olsen, JP
作者单位：University of Oslo
摘要：This article questions the fashionable ideas that bureaucratic organization is an obsolescent, undesirable, and non-viable form of administration and that there is an inevitable and irreversible paradigmatic shift towards market- or network-organization. In contrast, the paper argues that contemporary democracies are involved in another round in a perennial debate and ideological struggle over what are desirable forms of administration and government: that is, a struggle over institutional ide...
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作者：Borins, S
作者单位：University of Toronto
