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作者：Alberti, Carla; Diaz-Rioseco, Diego; Visconti, Giancarlo
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：While women are underrepresented in politics, recent improvements in women's representation in legislative and executive bodies have spurred academic interest in the effects of electing women on a wide array of outcomes. Effects on bureaucracies, however, have received less attention. Do women mayors reform local bureaucracies differently than their men counterparts? We take advantage of rich administrative data from Chile to explore the effects of having a woman mayor on the size and gender c...
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作者：Watkins, Mitchell
作者单位：University of London; University of London School Oriental & African Studies (SOAS)
摘要：Do foreign aid projects undermine citizens' trust in local and national political institutions? Drawing on institutional theories of political trust, I hypothesize that foreign aid projects reduce trust in political institutions by lowering citizens' perceptions of government performance and raising perceptions of corruption. To analyze the impact of aid projects on trust, this article utilizes geolocated survey data on citizens' trust in political institutions from Afrobarometer Rounds 2-5 (2...
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作者：Reinsberg, Bernhard; Stubbs, Thomas; Kentikelenis, Alexander
作者单位：University of Glasgow; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; Bocconi University
摘要：Why do governments fail to implement policy commitments in contractual agreements with international organizations? While scholars have scrutinized domestic factors as obstacles to compliance, we argue that reform programs may be unimplementable by design. We study this hypothesis in the context of International Monetary Fund (IMF) programs, in which borrowing countries must commit to far-reaching economic policy reforms for access to credit. We collect detailed compliance data on individual p...
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作者：Ponce, Aldo F.; Somuano, Ma Fernanda; Lopez Velarde, Rodrigo Velazquez
作者单位：Colegio de Mexico
摘要：Recent literature has analyzed the relationship between governmental corruption and political behavior, focusing on voting turnout (Stockemer, LaMontagne, & Scruggs, 2013). Fewer studies have examined the impact of corruption on nonelectoral political participation. This article fills this gap by examining how nonelectoral political participation is influenced by corruption within one of the most important institutions dealing with citizens' welfare and safety: the police. We focus our researc...
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作者：Costa-Font, Joan; Parmar, Divya
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; King's College London
摘要：Health care decisions in many low-income countries often require a close political agency relationship between healthcare decision makers and constituents. This is especially the case for maternal and child care as well as preventative interventions when resources are scarce. This article examines the effect of the introduction of the National Rural Health Mission in India, introducing Village Health, Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNC), a self-governance mechanism to strengthen the po...
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作者：Perera, Isabel M.
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This article proposes that the internal political organization of an interest group can shape its policy agenda. In doing so, it recommends that public policy research draw on scholarship on comparative political institutions to identify and theorize how alternative organizational rules, structures, and mechanisms can shape preference formation and expression. For example, confederal interest groups can amplify minority voices, whereas majoritarian groups can silence them. Contrasting cases of...
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作者：Nomikos, William G.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
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作者：Gao, Yanyan; Zang, Leizhen
作者单位：Southeast University - China; China Agricultural University; Soochow University - China
摘要：It has long been hypothesized that democracy benefits the poor, yet solid empirical evidence for this assertion is scarce. This article provides new global evidence regarding the poverty-reduction effect of democracy, which we refer to as the Sen Hypothesis. A difference-in-differences estimation using cross-national panel data of over 100 countries from 1995 to 2015 shows that democracy reduces poverty, although the size of the effect varies by the poverty line chosen. The results also show t...
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作者：Barbabela, Leticia; Pellicer, Miquel; Wegner, Eva
作者单位：University College Dublin; Maynooth University; Philipps University Marburg
摘要：This article investigates the relationship between court performance and citizen attitudes toward corruption. We develop a framework inspired by signaling theory that focuses on the need for institutional actors to send credible signals about their commitment against corruption if they seek to engage citizens. We suggest two channels that link court signals to citizen attitudes, an institutional channel linking signals to trust in courts and attitudes about state-driven anti-corruption measure...
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作者：Pineiro Rodriguez, Rafael; Munoz, Paula; Rosenblatt, Fernando; Rossel, Cecilia; Scrollini, Fabrizio
作者单位：Universidad Catolica del Uruguay; Universidad del Pacifico Peru; University Diego Portales
摘要：Even though many countries in Latin America have adopted FOI Laws, there are significant differences in the institutional design of FOI oversight institutions. Most explanations highlight the role of political competition in motivating political actors to design strong de jure FOI oversight institutions. The design of FOI oversight institutions in Chile, Peru and Uruguay, however, cannot fully be explained by political competition. We show how isomorphic pressures help explain variation in the...
