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作者：Coroado, Susana; Magalhaes, Pedro C.
作者单位：Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon (ICS-UL); Universidade de Lisboa
摘要：The movement of personnel between roles in regulation, politics, and regulated industries is thought to affect the risks of politicization and industry capture of independent regulatory agencies. To test whether such movements are better explained by formal rules or by sector-specific patterns, we employ an original dataset of the 152 appointees to 11 IRAs in Portugal over the last 3 decades. We find that variations in the formal independence of agencies have been of little consequence. Instea...
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作者：Cornell, Agnes; Svensson, Ted
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; Lund University
摘要：This article examines the diffusion of meritocratic practices as a potential instance of policy transfer by scrutinizing the introduction of open and competitive examinations during the mid-nineteenth century in the British Civil Service. Scholars have argued that British reformers were inspired by meritocratic practices in British-ruled India. In order to assess this claim, we combine qualitative analysis of archival material documenting the interdepartmental debates on meritocratic reforms i...
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作者：Danielsen, Ole Andreas; Fleischer, Julia
作者单位：Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet); University of Potsdam
摘要：In countries with long-standing agency traditions, the creation of new agencies rarely comes as a large-scale reform but rather as one structural choice of many possible, most notably a ministerial division. In order to make sense of these choices, the article discusses the role of political design-focusing on the role of political motivations, such as ideological turnover, replacement risks and ideological stands toward administrative efficiency-and organizational dynamics-focusing on the rol...
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作者：Beauregard, Robert A.
作者单位：Columbia University
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作者：Liu, Yongzheng; Wang, Liyan; Ye, Maoliang
作者单位：Renmin University of China; Shenzhen University; Southern University of Science & Technology
摘要：This study examines how an important reform of local governance-village democracy-in the world's most populous areas has affected the happiness of residents in rural China. We find that introducing elections per se has no significant impact. In comparison, direct nomination of local leaders by villagers, which is a form of competitive election involving a high degree of public participation in political decision making, leads to higher levels of happiness. Further mechanism analyses show that ...
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作者：Del Tredici, Romina; Gonzalez, Lucas; Zarazaga, Rodrigo
作者单位：Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Catholic University of Cordoba
摘要：Why do some governments manage to curb protest while others cannot and turmoil escalates to a social outbreak? This study proposes a theoretical argument that specifies how discretionary spending reduces conflict, highlighting the role of social movements in managing protests. It examines this and alternative arguments in Argentina, a country with strong social movements and historically large mobilizations, using statistical analysis with an original database on protests and a population of 3...
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作者：O'Brochta, William
作者单位：University of Louisiana System; Louisiana Technical University
摘要：When do politicians respond to individuals' public service complaints? Technological solutions-termed e-governance-have been shown to help increase responsiveness in some developing nations where they serve to connect individuals, politicians, and bureaucrats for the first time. I argue that in country-contexts like India, where personal connections to bureaucrats and politicians are common, politicians are less responsive to complaints registered with e-governance systems than to complaints d...
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作者：Lee, Youngjoon
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：What are the effects of citizen grievances on autocrats' fiscal spending? I argue that autocrats will increase fiscal spending only when grievances may jeopardize stability. I hypothesize that when Internet penetration is high, a marginal increase in labor strikes and administrative lawsuits leads to increased spending on social welfare, health, education, and housing support. Evidence from China's 31 provinces (2006-2019) supports this hypothesis. The results are robust to instrumental variab...
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作者：Ege, Joern; Bauer, Michael W.; Wagner, Nora; Thomann, Eva
作者单位：Zurich University of Applied Sciences; European University Institute; University of Konstanz
摘要：This study investigates how configurations of bureaucratic autonomy, policy complexity and political contestation allow international public administrations (IPAs) to influence policymaking within international organizations. A fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of 17 policy decisions in four organizations (FAO, WHO, ILO, UNESCO) shows that all IPAs studied can be influential in favorable contexts. When policies are both contested and complex, even IPAs lacking autonomy can influence p...
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作者：Seabrooke, Leonard; Stenstroem, Annika
作者单位：Copenhagen Business School; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：Finding direction in new policy areas requires a combination of mandate, expertise, and stakeholder engagement. Here we investigate the formation of the EU's sustainable finance agenda through activity in and around its High Level Expert Group and Technical Expert Group. Actors from different professional ecologies struggle to determine the treatment of sustainable finance and establish policy practices. Those who shape issue treatments can be supported by a capacity to influence from either o...
