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作者：Lederer, Albert L.; Mendelow, Aubrey L.
作者单位：Oakland University; University System of Ohio; Kent State University; Kent State University Kent; Kent State University Salem
摘要：The dynamic environment of an organization makes management difficult. This is especially true in information systems (IS) departments. A new theoretical model, based on structured interviews with IS executives, proposes ways that some dimensions of the environment create problems for IS management. IS managers develop coping mechanisms to attenuate or prevent these problems. They use these coping mechanisms either to resolve the problems directly or to influence the environment to prevent the...
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作者：Galletta, Dennis F.; Heckman, R. L., Jr.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Recent advances in computer technology have been accompanied by significant changes in the roles of both users and developers. One well-known example is end-user development, which here provides a context for the application of role theory to IS issues. A framework is proposed for classifying IS roles in a way that can be used for role behavior analysis. The framework takes the form of a matrix, with activities relating to the construction and use of information systems on one axis, and activi...
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作者：Tam, Kar Yan
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：The process of knowledge acquisition has long been regarded as the bottleneck in expert systems development. In this paper, a concept induction methodology for automated construction of knowledge-bases is presented and its use for knowledge acquisition is discussed. The applicability of such a tool to build expert systems is demonstrated using CONIS in some selected experiments. CONIS is a concept induction system that infers concept description from sample instances of the concept. We have al...
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作者：Westland, J. Christopher
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：As corporate management attempts to extract more end user benefit from information systems department expenditures, interest has grown toward the use of information systems auditing to assure software quality. This research shows that information systems departments are motivated by end users to provide lower quality systems than they would if allowed to pursue their own objectives. The research continues by demonstrating that auditing cannot a priori be assumed to raise the quality of corpora...
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作者：Elam, Joyce J.; Mead, Melissa
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Harvard University
摘要：The concept of decision support systems that emerged in the seventies offered the promise of computer-based tools that would enable decision makers to develop better and more creative solutions to the problems they face. The realization of this promise depends on the validity of two assumptions: (1) individuals can be helped to be more creative and (2) software, appropriately designed, can provide this help. Evidence from creativity research supports the first assumption. This paper explores t...
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作者：Newman, Michael; Noble, Faith
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：User involvement is recommended to analysts as a technique of successful system development, but as a process it is little understood. This case study compares four process models of user involvement learning, conflict, political and garbage-can with each other and with an empirical example of system development. Different models are seen as appropriate to explaining the nature of user involvement in different stages of development and contexts. Structural conditions and issues of power are sh...
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作者：Reich, Blaize Horner; Benbasat, Izak
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：A case research strategy was utilized to study first-mover strategic systems which companies had built and offered to their customers in support of a primary product or service. The study investigated eleven systems to discover the factors which enabled or inhibited the following outcomes: developing a first-mover customer-oriented strategic system (COSS); achieving a high level of adoption of the COSS by customers; obtaining competitive advantage from the COSS. In general, the findings suppor...
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作者：Barron, Terence; Saharia, A. N.
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：This paper examines an information system design problem faced by the seller of a search good who sells his product in a competitive market to well-informed consumers. The formulation results in a nonlinear optimization problem having a special structure which can be exploited in solving the first-order conditions. Closed-form solutions and comparative statics results are given in the case of a uniformly-distributed attribute, and we provide a numerical example in the case of a normally-distri...
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作者：Brancheau, James C.; Wetherbe, James C.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Judging by the wealth of problems reported in the literature, information systems (IS) and general managers are not sure how to manage the introduction of new information technology. One step toward providing sound management guidelines is to improve understanding of the social forces which affect the introduction and diffusion process within organizations. This research takes a step toward that goal by examining the validity of innovation diffusion theory within the context of end-user comput...
