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作者：Ding, Likang; Kolfal, Bora; Ingolfsson, Armann
作者单位：Dongbei University of Finance & Economics; University of Alberta
摘要：Recent empirical studies suggest that human behavior in queues causes workload-dependent service times. We investigate the translation of empirical service times into state-dependent queueing models. To this end, we identify two types of state-dependent models, static and dynamic, and two types of corresponding behavioral mechanisms. For example, we view customer early task initiation as a static mechanism and social speedup pressure as a dynamic mechanism. For each model type, we discuss beha...
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作者：Lucker, Florian; Timonina-Farkas, Anna; Seifert, Ralf W.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; International Institute for Management Development (IMD)
摘要：The supply chain risk management literature differentiates between disruption risk that arises from supply disruptions to normal activities and recurrent risk that arises from problems in coordinating supply and demand in the absence of disruptions. Over the past decades, significant research has been carried out to better understand supply chain resilience, that is, the ability of a supply chain to mitigate disruptions. Supply chain efficiency, that is, the ability to mitigate recurrent risks...
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作者：Ivanov, Anton; Ghoshal, Abhijeet; Kumar, Akhil
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Online retail platforms are increasingly challenged by the proliferation of low-quality products, which may damage their reputation and sales. To address this problem, we propose a system architecture to proactively identify products that are likely to go out of favor. Our approach uses historical data to extract useful information from customer ratings and textual reviews. Available data are fed into a state-of-the-art deep learning sequence model to forecast future ratings. We then analyze r...
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作者：van Eekelen, Wouter J. E. C.; den Hertog, Dick; van Leeuwaarden, Johan S. H.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Amsterdam; Tilburg University
摘要：Consider a single server that should serve a given number of customers during a fixed period. The appointment scheduling problem (ASP) determines the schedule of planned appointments that minimizes some cost function that accounts for both the cost of idle times and the cost of waiting. When service time distributions are fully specified, the ASP presents a much-investigated computationally challenging stochastic program. When service time distributions are only partially specified, one can ap...
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作者：Wang, Qi; Carson, Anita L.; Zheng, Sarah
作者单位：Boston University; University of Victoria
摘要：Racism at the individual and societal levels has been identified as a cause of disparity in healthcare outcomes in the United States but reducing disparity has been slow. This study disentangles the relative effects of two types of racism on inpatient service delivery and hospital mortality: technology bias and implicit bias. Drawing on clinical data from intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis, we use propensity score matching to balance groups of White and nonwhite patients and run a ...
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作者：Balakrishnan, Maya; Nam, Jimin; Buell, Ryan W.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Many companies are making efforts to diversify their workforces, motivated by documented operational performance benefits and increased pressure to walk the talk on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives. One specific call to action from stakeholders is the public disclosure of intersectional diversity data in EEO-1s, which companies with 100+ employees must report each year to the federal government, but which companies rarely make publicly available. Conducting five online experi...
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作者：Wilhelm, Miriam; Bhakoo, Vikram; Soundararajan, Vivek; Crane, Andrew; Kadfak, Alin
作者单位：Vienna University of Economics & Business; University of Melbourne; University of Bath; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
摘要：Forced labour poses a significant challenge within global supply chains, yet traditional compliance-based governance based on auditing has proven to be ineffective in addressing this issue. Non-government organizations and worker rights organizations can serve as crucial allies in supporting and safeguarding workers by assuming the role of a 'social intermediary' (SI) between supply chain firms and workers. However, these external organizations often hold limited power within these supply chai...
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作者：Imdahl, Christina; Schmidt, William; Hoberg, Kai
作者单位：Eindhoven University of Technology; Emory University; Kuhne Logistics University
摘要：In many decision processes, a decision maker or planner must review and optionally adjust the recommendations that are generated by a decision support system (DSS). When the DSS is well-tuned to its task, adjustments by a planner can be rare and may even degrade the DSS's performance. Targeted automation could address these inefficiencies by predicting whether a planner will adjust a recommendation and improve the performance of the system. The remaining recommendations can be automated. Howev...
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作者：Arlt, Marie-Louise; Gust, Gunther; Neumann, Dirk
作者单位：University of Bayreuth; University of Bayreuth; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Wurzburg; University of Wurzburg; University of Freiburg
摘要：The decarbonization of power systems facilitates the electrification of appliances, many of which can be operated in a flexible way. Demand response (DR) programs can exploit this flexibility with retail price adjustment, thereby addressing several operational challenges. In this paper, we address the welfare optimization problem of local utilities that procure electricity for their customers at the wholesale market. We demonstrate how DR programs can be designed for local electricity systems ...
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作者：Grigas, Paul; Lobos, Alfonso; Wen, Zheng; Lee, Kuang-Chih
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind
摘要：We develop a practical optimization model for the management of a demand-side platform (DSP), which is applicable in static planning situations where the DSP acquires valuable impressions for high-volume advertiser clients in a real-time bidding environment. We propose a highly flexible model for the DSP to maximize its profit while maintaining acceptable levels of budget spending for its advertisers. Our model achieves flexibility and improved performance primarily through two different aspec...
