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作者：Fischetti, Matteo; Monaci, Michele
作者单位：University of Padua
摘要：High sensitivity to initial conditions is generally viewed as a drawback of tree search methods because it leads to erratic behavior to be mitigated somehow. In this paper we investigate the opposite viewpoint and consider this behavior as an opportunity to exploit. Our working hypothesis is that erraticism is in fact just a consequence of the exponential nature of tree search that acts as a chaotic amplifier, so it is largely unavoidable. We propose a bet-and-run approach to actually turn err...
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作者：Ashlagi, Itai; Shi, Peng
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：In school choice, children submit a preference ranking over schools to a centralized assignment algorithm, which takes into account schools' priorities over children and uses randomization to break ties. One criticism of existing school choice mechanisms is that they tend to disperse communities, so children do not go to school with others from their neighborhood. We suggest improving community cohesion by implementing a correlated lottery in a given school choice mechanism: we find a convex c...
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作者：Gao, Ziyou; Qu, Yunchao; Li, Xingang; Long, Jiancheng; Huang, Hai-Jun
作者单位：Beijing Jiaotong University; Hefei University of Technology; Beihang University
摘要：Pedestrian dynamics plays an important role in public facility design and evacuation management. During an escape process from a large public space, crowd behavior is a collection of pedestrian exit/route choice behavior, and movement behavior. Modelling such an escape process is an extremely complex challenge. In this paper, an integrated macro-micro approach is developed to simulate the escape process. An analysis of the simulation reveals the mechanisms of the formation of crowd congestion ...
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作者：Iancu, Dan A.; Trichakis, Nikolaos
作者单位：Stanford University; Harvard University
摘要：We deal with the problem faced by a portfolio manager in charge of multiple accounts. We argue that because of market impact costs, this setting differs in several subtle ways from the classical (single account) case, with the key distinction being that the performance of each individual account typically depends on the trading strategies of other accounts, as well. We propose a novel, tractable approach for jointly optimizing the trading activities of all accounts and also splitting the assoc...
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作者：Deng, Tianhu; Shen, Zuo-Jun Max; Shanthikumar, J. George
作者单位：Tsinghua University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：We study an inventory system wherein a customer may leave the seller's market after experiencing an inventory stockout. Traditionally, researchers and practitioners assume a single penalty cost to model this customer behavior of stockout aversion. Recently, a stream of researchers explicitly model this customer behavior and support the traditional penalty cost approach. We enrich this literature by studying the statistical learning of service-dependent demand. We build and solve four models: a...
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作者：Barrieu, Pauline; Fehr, Max
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：In this paper we refer to the requirement for industrialized countries to reach a domestic target for greenhouse emissions, as ratified in the Kyoto Protocol, and propose a market-consistent model of futures price dynamics for cap-and-trade schemes designed in the spirit of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Historical price dynamics for the EU ETS suggest that both European emission allowance (EUA) and certified emission reduction (CER) certificates, generated by a nondomes...
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作者：Karger, David R.; Oh, Sewoong; Shah, Devavrat
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Crowdsourcing systems, in which numerous tasks are electronically distributed to numerous information pieceworkers, have emerged as an effective paradigm for human-powered solving of large-scale problems in domains such as image classification, data entry, optical character recognition, recommendation, and proofreading. Because these low-paid workers can be unreliable, nearly all such systems must devise schemes to increase confidence in their answers, typically by assigning each task multiple...
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作者：Barnhart, Cynthia; Fearing, Douglas; Vaze, Vikrant
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Dartmouth College
摘要：Many of the existing methods for evaluating an airline's on-time performance are based on flight-centric measures of delay. However, recent research has demonstrated that passenger delays depend on many factors in addition to flight delays. For instance, significant passenger delays result from flight cancellations and missed connections, which themselves depend on a significant number of factors. Unfortunately, lack of publicly available passenger travel data has made it difficult for researc...
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作者：Han, Qiaoming; Du, Donglei; Zuluaga, Luis F.
作者单位：Nanjing University; Zhejiang University of Finance & Economics; University of New Brunswick; Lehigh University
摘要：Scarf's max-min order formula for the risk-neutral and ambiguity-averse newsvendor problem is a classical result in the field of inventory management. In this article, we extend Scarf's formula by deriving an analogous closed-form order formula for the risk-and ambiguity-averse newsvendor problem. Specifically, we provide and analyze the newsvendor order quantity that maximizes the worst-case expected profit versus risk trade-off (risk-averse) when only the mean and standard deviation of the p...
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作者：Mitchell, Daniel; Feng, Haolin; Muthuraman, Kumar
作者单位：Singapore University of Technology & Design; Sun Yat Sen University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This paper examines the effect that a central bank's interventions have on longer term interest rate securities by examining a stochastic short rate process that can be controlled by the central bank. Rather than investigate the motivations for the intervention, we assume that the bank is able to quantify its preferences and tolerances for various rates. We allow for a very general class of stochastic processes for the short rate, and most of the popular models in literature fall within this c...
