-
作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Makhdoumi, Ali; Malekian, Azarakhsh; Ozdaglar, Asuman
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Toronto
摘要：To systematically study the implications of additional information about routes provided to certain users (e.g., via GPS-based route guidance systems), we introduce a new class of congestion games in which users have differing information sets about the available edges and can only use routes consisting of edges in their information set. After defining the notion of an information-constrained wardrop equilibrium (ICWE) for this class of congestion games and studying its basic properties, we tu...
-
作者：Bakshi, Nitin; Pinker, Edieal
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Yale University
摘要：Public warnings have the potential to mitigate the threat from terrorism: the public is alerted, and in response, the terrorist may defer his attack. Paradoxically, warnings can be a victim of their own success. The absence of an attack may be misconstrued by the warning recipients as a false alarm, leading to warning fatigue and a dampened response to future warnings-also referred to as the cry-wolf effect. To capture this phenomenon and examine its implications, we model the interaction betw...
-
作者：Ding, Yichuan; Ge, Dongdong; He, Simai; Ryan, Christopher Thomas
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; University of Chicago
摘要：We propose a novel methodology to study kidney exchange. Using a random graph model of kidney exchange, we propose a nonasymptotic approach to quantifying the effectiveness of transplant chains in reducing the number of unmatched highly sensitized patients. Our approach is based on a two-phase random walk procedure where random walks are used to allocate chains, followed by allocation in cycles. The benefit of random walks is that they preserve the probabilistic structure of residual graphs, g...
-
作者：Gur, Yonatan; Saban, Daniela; Stier-Moses, Nicolas E.
作者单位：Stanford University; Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：We consider a competitive facility location problem on a network where consumers located on vertices wish to connect to the nearest facility. Knowing this, each competitor locates a facility on a vertex, trying to maximize market share. We focus on the two-player case and study conditions that guarantee the existence of a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium for progressively more complicated classes of networks. For general graphs, we show that attention can be restricted to a subset of vertices re...
-
作者：Embrechts, Paul; Liu, Haiyan; Wang, Ruodu
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Finance Institute (SFI); Michigan State University; Michigan State University; University of Waterloo
摘要：We address the problem of risk sharing among agents using a two-parameter class of quantile-based risk measures, the so-called range-value-at-risk (RVaR), as their preferences. The family of RVaR includes the value-at-risk (VaR) and the expected shortfall (ES), the two popular and competing regulatory risk measures, as special cases. We first establish an inequality for RVaR-based risk aggregation, showing that RVaR satisfies a special form of subadditivity. Then, the Pareto-optimal risk shari...
-
作者：Ke, Rongzhu; Ryan, Christopher Thomas
作者单位：Hong Kong Baptist University; University of Chicago
摘要：We develop a simple sufficient condition for an optimal contract of a moral hazard problem to be monotone in the output signal. Existing results on monotonicity require conditions on the output distribution (namely, the monotone likelihood ratio property (MLRP)) and additional conditions to guarantee that agent's decision is approachable via the first-order approach of replacing that problem with its first-order conditions. We know of no positive monotonicity results in the setting where the f...
-
作者：Zhen, Jianzhe; den Hertog, Dick; Sim, Melvyn
作者单位：Tilburg University; National University of Singapore
摘要：We demonstrate how adjustable robust optimization (ARO) problems with fixed recourse can be cast as static robust optimization problems via Fourier-Motzkin elimination (FME). Through the lens of FME, we characterize the structures of the optimal decision rules for a broad class of ARO problems. A scheme based on a blending of classical FME and a simple linear programming technique that can efficiently remove redundant constraints is developed to reformulate ARO problems. This generic reformula...
-
作者：Huang, Junfei; Gurvich, Itai
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Central-limit (Brownian) approximations are widely used for the performance analysis and optimization of queueing networks because of their tractability relative to the original queueing models. The stationary distributions of the approximations are used as proxies for those of the queues. The convergence of suitably scaled and centered processes provides mathematical support for the use of these Brownian models. As with the central limit theorem, to establish convergence, one must impose assu...
-
作者：Chen, Shi; Moinzadeh, Kamran
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We study an inventory system involving a contractor, who provides quotations of delivery times to customers, and suppliers, who stock prefabricated modules that the contractor will use to complete orders. The customers' decisions on whether to wait or leave depend on the quotations. This is an assembly system with partial lost sales, where the interaction between the quotation policy and the inventory policy is complicated. We consider either a uniform or an adaptive quotation policy and eithe...
-
作者：Petersen, Niels Christian
作者单位：University of Southern Denmark
摘要：This paper is concerned with optimal directions in the directional distance function in data envelopment analysis. It is shown that the vector pointing in the direction that minimizes the Euclidean distance between the input-output vector (X-0, Y-0) and the efficient frontier, the input isoquant reflecting output Y-0, or the output isoquant reflecting input X-0 is optimal, because the corresponding vector of virtual multipliers defines the relative prices that maximize profit, cost, or revenue...
