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作者：Russo, Daniel; Van Roy, Benjamin
作者单位：Columbia University; Stanford University
摘要：We propose information-directed sampling-a new approach to online optimization problems in which a decision maker must balance between exploration and exploitation while learning from partial feedback. Each action is sampled in a manner that minimizes the ratio between squared expected single-period regret and a measure of information gain: the mutual information between the optimal action and the next observation. We establish an expected regret bound for information-directed sampling that ap...
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作者：Bakshi, Nitin; Pinker, Edieal
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Yale University
摘要：Public warnings have the potential to mitigate the threat from terrorism: the public is alerted, and in response, the terrorist may defer his attack. Paradoxically, warnings can be a victim of their own success. The absence of an attack may be misconstrued by the warning recipients as a false alarm, leading to warning fatigue and a dampened response to future warnings-also referred to as the cry-wolf effect. To capture this phenomenon and examine its implications, we model the interaction betw...
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作者：Ding, Yichuan; Ge, Dongdong; He, Simai; Ryan, Christopher Thomas
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; University of Chicago
摘要：We propose a novel methodology to study kidney exchange. Using a random graph model of kidney exchange, we propose a nonasymptotic approach to quantifying the effectiveness of transplant chains in reducing the number of unmatched highly sensitized patients. Our approach is based on a two-phase random walk procedure where random walks are used to allocate chains, followed by allocation in cycles. The benefit of random walks is that they preserve the probabilistic structure of residual graphs, g...
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作者：Scarsini, Marco; Schroder, Marc; Tomala, Tristan
作者单位：Luiss Guido Carli University; RWTH Aachen University; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris
摘要：We propose a model of discrete time dynamic congestion games with atomic players and a single source-destination pair. The latencies of edges are composed of free-flow transit times and possible queuing time due to capacity constraints. We give a precise description of the dynamics induced by the individual strategies of players and of the corresponding costs, either when the traffic is controlled by a planner, or when players act selfishly. In parallel networks, optimal and equilibrium behavi...
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作者：Jiang, Ruiwei; Guan, Yongpei
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; State University System of Florida; University of Florida
摘要：In this paper, we develop a risk-averse two-stage stochastic program (RTSP) that explicitly incorporates the distributional ambiguity covering both discrete and continuous distributions. We formulate RTSP from the perspective of distributional robustness by hedging against the worst-case distribution within an ambiguity set and considering the corresponding expected total cost. In particular, we derive an equivalent reformulation for RTSP that indicates that each worst-case expectation over an...
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作者：Gur, Yonatan; Saban, Daniela; Stier-Moses, Nicolas E.
作者单位：Stanford University; Universidad Torcuato Di Tella
摘要：We consider a competitive facility location problem on a network where consumers located on vertices wish to connect to the nearest facility. Knowing this, each competitor locates a facility on a vertex, trying to maximize market share. We focus on the two-player case and study conditions that guarantee the existence of a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium for progressively more complicated classes of networks. For general graphs, we show that attention can be restricted to a subset of vertices re...
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作者：Chan, Timothy C. Y.; Shen, Zuo-Jun Max; Siddiq, Auyon
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Sudden cardiac arrest is a significant public health concern. Successful treatment of cardiac arrest is extremely time sensitive, and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) where possible significantly increases the probability of survival. Placement of AEDs in public locations can improve survival by enabling bystanders to treat victims of cardiac arrest prior to the arrival of emergency medical responders, thus shortening the time between collapse and treatment. However, since the ...
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作者：Zhou, Junjie; Chen, Ying-Ju
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：In this paper, we consider a model with a monopoly firm who sells social goods sequentially to a group of customers in a network. We show that, with symmetric social interactions, the optimal pricing under arbitrary launch sequence is independent of customers' network positions, the launch sequence, and the underlying social interaction relations among customers. This generalizes the previous network-independent prices in the simultaneous-launch case. Therefore, for any given sequence, the fir...
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作者：Besbes, Omar; Scarsini, Marco
作者单位：Columbia University; Luiss Guido Carli University
摘要：Consumer reviews and ratings of products and services have become ubiquitous on the Internet. This paper analyzes, given the sequential nature of reviews and the limited feedback of such past reviews, the information content they communicate to future customers. We consider a model with heterogeneous customers who buy a product of unknown quality and we focus on two different informational settings. In the first setting, customers observe the whole history of past reviews. In the second one th...
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作者：Fridgeirsdottir, Kristin; Najafi-Asadolahi, Sami
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; Santa Clara University
摘要：Display advertising has a 39% share of the online advertising market and is its fastest-growing category. In this paper, we consider an online display advertising setting in which a web publisher posts display ads on its website and charges based on the cost-per-impression (CPM) pricing scheme while promising to deliver a certain number of impressions on the ads posted. The publisher faces uncertain demand for advertising slots and uncertain supply of visits from viewers. We formulate the prob...
