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作者：Chen, Yi-Chun; Misic, Velibor V.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Customer behavior is often assumed to follow weak rationality, which implies that adding a product to an assortment will not increase the choice probability of another product in that assortment. However, an increasing amount of research has revealed that customers are not necessarily rational when making decisions. In this paper, we propose a new nonparametric choice model that relaxes this assumption and can model a wider range of customer behavior, such as decoy effects between products. In...
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作者：Bonifonte, Anthony; Ayer, Turgay; Haaland, Benjamin
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Denison University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Blood pressure (BP) is a significant controllable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide. BP comprises two interrelated measurements: systolic and diastolic. CVD risk is minimized at intermediate BP values, a notion known as the J-curve effect. The J-curve effect imposes fundamental trade-offs in simultaneous management of systolic and diastolic BP; however, assessing a comprehensive set of joint systolic/diastolic BP treatment thresholds while expli...
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作者：Anderer, Arielle; Bastani, Hamsa; Silberholz, John
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：The success of a new drug is assessed within a clinical trial using a primary endpoint, which is typically the true outcome of interest-for example, overall survival. However, regulators sometimes approve drugs using a surrogate outcome-an intermediate indicator that is faster or easier to measure than the true outcome of interest-for example, progression-free survival-as the primary endpoint when there is demonstrable medical need. Although using a surrogate outcome (instead of the true outco...
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作者：Steffena, Thomas D.
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：I study the information asymmetry effects of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 161 (SFAS 161), which requires changes to the content and format of derivative and hedging footnote disclosures. Using a difference-in-differences design, I investigate whether these mandatory disclosure changes affected bid-ask spreads. To capture the extent to which firms were likely impacted by SFAS 161, I employ two complementary measures: (1) actual changes in firms' derivative and hedging disc...
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作者：Bhargava, Hemant K.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Many digital platforms give users a bundle of goods sourced from numerous creators, generate revenue through consumption of these goods, and motivate creators by sharing of revenue. This paper studies the platform's design choices and creators' participation and supply decisions when users' (viewers') consumption of goods (content) is financed by third-party advertisers. The model specifies the platform's scale: number of creators and content supplied and magnitudes of viewers, advertisers, an...
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作者：Hu, Yichun; Kallus, Nathan; Mao, Xiaojie
作者单位：Cornell University; Cornell University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Incorporating side observations in decision making can reduce uncertainty and boost performance, but it also requires that we tackle a potentially complex predictive relationship. Although one may use off-the-shelf machine learning methods to separately learn a predictive model and plug it in, a variety of recent methods instead integrate estimation and optimization by fitting the model to directly optimize downstream decision performance. Surprisingly, in the case of contextual linear optimiz...
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作者：Izhakian, Yehuda; Yermack, David; Zender, Jaime F.
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Baruch College (CUNY); New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We examine the impact of ambiguity, or Knightian uncertainty, on the capital structure decision, using a static tradeoff theory model in which agents are both ambiguity and risk averse. The model confirms the well-known result that greater risk???the uncertainty over outcomes???leads firms to decrease leverage. Conversely, the model indicates that greater ambiguity???the uncertainty over the probabilities associated with the outcomes???leads firms to increase leverage. Using a theoretically ba...
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作者：Gabel, Sebastian; Timoshenko, Artem
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Northwestern University
摘要：Personalized marketing in retail requires a model to predict how different marketing actions affect product choices by individual customers. Large retailers often handle millions of transactions daily, involving thousands of products in hundreds of categories. Product choice models thus need to scale to large product assortments and customer bases, without extensive product attribute information. To address these challenges, we propose a custom deep neural network model. The model incorporates...
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作者：Holden, Richard; Malani, Anup
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Blockchain technology offers firms a novel method of raising capital via so-called initial coin offerings (ICOs). In the most common form of an ICO, a firm creates digital assets called utility tokens that are tracked on a blockchain-based ledger, requires that its product be purchased only with those tokens, and then, raises capital by selling these tokens to investors prior to creating any saleable product. (Some nonfungible tokens (NFTs) may function in a similar fashion.) We model a fundam...
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作者：Hu, Bin; Sun, Zhankun
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：Inspired by self-replicating three-dimensional printers and innovative agricultural and husbandry goods, we study optimal production and sales policies for a manufacturer of self-replicating innovative goods with a focus on the unique keep-or-sell trade-off-namely, whether a newly produced unit should be sold to satisfy demand and stimulate future demand or added to inventory to increase production capacity. We adopt the continuous-time optimal control framework and marry a self-replication mo...
