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作者：Tushman, ML; Rosenkopf, L
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This research explores the performance consequences of CEO succession, executive team change, and strategic reorientation in different contexts. Based on team demography and organization learning ideas, we argue that CEO succession or executive team change enhances incremental organization change, while either strategic reorientation or the combination of CEO succession with executive team change triggers discontinuous organization change. We hypothesize that these contrasting intervention mod...
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作者：Nowicki, E; Smutnicki, C
摘要：A fast and easily implementable approximation algorithm for the problem of finding a minimum makespan in a job shop is presented. The algorithm is based on a taboo search technique with a specific neighborhood definition which employs a critical path and blocks of operations notions. Computational experiments (up to 2,000 operations) show that the algorithm not only finds shorter makespans than the best approximation approaches but also runs in shorter time. It solves the well-known 10 x 10 ha...
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作者：Ho, TH; Weigelt, K
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：We consider several coordination games with multiple equilibria each of which is a different division of a fixed pie. Laboratory experiments are conducted to address whether ''task complexity'' affects the selection of equilibrium by subjects. Three measures of task complexity-cardinality of choice space, level of iterative knowledge of rationality, and level of iterative knowledge of strategy-are manipulated and tested. Results suggest the three measures can predict choice behavior. Since str...
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作者：Jia, JM; Dyer, JS
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：In this paper we propose a standard measure of risk that is based on the converted expected utility of normalized lotteries with zero-expected values. This measure of risk has many desirable properties that characterize the notion of risk. It is very general and includes many previously proposed measures of risk as special cases. Moreover, our standard measure of risk provides a preference-based and unified method for risk studies. Since the standard measure of risk is compatible with the meas...
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作者：Myung, IJ; Ramamoorti, S; Bailey, AD
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper presents a maximum entropy framework for the aggregation of expert opinions where the expert opinions concern the prediction of the outcome of an uncertain event. The event to be predicted and individual predictions rendered are assumed to be discrete random variables. A measure of expert competence is defined using a distance metric between the actual outcome of the event and each expert's predicted outcome. Following Levy and Delic (1994), we use Shannon's information measure (Sha...
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作者：Federgruen, A; Mosheiov, G
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We consider multimachine scheduling problems with earliness and tardiness costs. We first analyze problems in which the cost of a job is given by a general nondecreasing, convex function F of the absolute deviation of its completion time from a (common) unrestrictive due-date, and the objective is to minimize the sum of the costs incurred for all N jobs. (A special case to which considerable attention is given is the completion time variance problem.) We derive an easily computable lower bound...
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作者：Moenaert, RK; Souder, WE
作者单位：Delft University of Technology; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Huntsville
摘要：The objective of the present study was to develop a comprehensive empirically-based model of the communication interface between R&D and marketing. Following Moenaert and Souder (1990), a causal model of the antecedents of information utility at the R&D/marketing-interface was postulated. A non-experimental critical incident method was used to test the model. The field survey involved 386 team members of 80 new product innovation teams in 40 companies. Path analysis was used to test the causal...
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作者：Brynjolfsson, E; Kemerer, CF
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：Because of network externalities, the success of a software product may depend in part on stalled base and its conformance to industry standards. This research builds a hedonic model to determine the effects of network externalities, standards, intrinsic features and a time trend on microcomputer spreadsheet software prices. When data for a sample of products during the 1987-1992 time period were analyzed using this model, four main results emerged: 1) Network externalities, as measured by the...
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作者：Federgruen, A; Katalan, Z
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：In this paper we discuss stochastic Economic Lot Scheduling Problems (ELSP), i.e., settings where several items need to be produced in a common facility with limited capacity, under significant uncertainty regarding demands, production times, setup times, or combinations thereof. We propose a class of production/inventory strategies for stochastic ELSPs and describe how a strategy which minimizes holding, backlogging, and setup costs within this class can be effectively determined and evaluate...
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作者：Gallagher, MA; Bauer, KW; Maybeck, PS
摘要：Data truncation is a commonly accepted method of dealing with initialization bias in discrete-event simulation. An algorithm for determining the appropriate initial-data truncation point for univariate output is proposed. The technique entails averaging across independent replications and estimating a steady-state output model in a state-space framework. A Bayesian technique called Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation (MMAE) is applied to compute a time varying estimate of the output's steady-st...
