1997

最新文章

• Identifying controlling features of engineering design iteration AI翻译
  作者：Smith, RP; Eppinger, SD
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：Engineering design often involves a very complex set of relationships among a large number of coupled problems. It is this complex coupling that leads to iteration among the various engineering tasks in a large project. The design structure matrix (DSM) is useful in identifying where iteration is necessary. The work transformation matrix model developed in this paper is a powerful extension of the DSM method which can predict slow and rapid convergence of iteration within a project, and predic...
• Managing a distribution channel under asymmetric information with performance requirements AI翻译
  作者：Desiraju, R; Moorthy, S
  作者单位：University of Delaware; University of Rochester
  摘要：In this paper we study how performance requirements may improve the working of a distribution channel when the retailer is better informed about demand conditions than the manufacturer. Performance requirements means that the manufacturer and retailer agree to (1) have the manufacturer set requirements on retail price or service or both, and (2) jointly invest in the information systems required to monitor the retailer's compliance with the requirements. We show that performance requirements o...
• Tabu search and ejection chains - Application to a node weighted version of the cardinality-constrained TSP AI翻译
  作者：Cao, BY; Glover, F
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
  摘要：A cardinality-constrained TSP (CC-TSP) problem requires the salesman to visit at. least L and at most U cities, represented toy nodes of a graph. The objective of this problem is to maximize the sum of weights of nodes visited. In this paper we propose a tabu search method based on ejection chain procedures, which have proved effective for many kinds of combinatorial optimization problems. Computational results on a set of randomly generated test problems with various implementations of the al...
• Adaptation on rugged landscapes AI翻译
  作者：Levinthal, DA
  摘要：A simple model is developed to explore the interrelationship between processes of organizational level change and population selection forces. A critical property of the model is that the effect on organizational fitness of the various attributes that constitute an organization's form is interactive. As a result of these interaction effects, the fitness landscape is ''rugged.'' An organization's form at founding has a persistent effect on its future form when there are multiple peaks in the fi...
• Moral hazard in corporate investment and the disciplinary role of voluntary capital rationing AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, GC
  摘要：This paper compares three capital-budgeting rules, the NPV rule, a high hurdle rate and capital rationing, and explains why some firms may voluntarily impose capital rationing. Under both capital rationing and a high hurdle, a restrictive investment criterion is used to control managerial shirking. However, implementation of these budgeting rules requires a mechanism to prevent the firm from expanding the investment scale ex post. Capital rationing, in the form of a predetermined, fixed budget...