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作者：Randall, T; Ulrich, K
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Using data from the U.S. bicycle industry, we examine the relation among product variety, supply chain structure, and firm performance. Variety imposes two types of costs on a supply chain: production costs and market mediation costs. Production costs include, among other costs, the incremental fixed investments associated with providing additional product variants. Market mediation costs arise because of uncertainty in product demand created by variety. In the presence of demand uncertainty, ...
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作者：Milner, JM; Pinker, EJ
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Rochester
摘要：Firms increasingly use contingent labor to flexibly respond to demand in many environments. Labor supply agencies are growing to fill this need. As a result, firms and agencies are engaging in long-term contracts for labor supply. We develop mathematical models of the interaction between firms and labor supply agencies when demand and supply are uncertain. We consider two models of labor supply uncertainty, termed productivity and availability uncertainty, and study how each affects the nature...
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作者：Conlon, E; Devaraj, S; Matta, KF
作者单位：University of Notre Dame
摘要：W e examine the relationship between quality, represented by consumer ratings, and quality-related activities by the customer, represented by maintenance activities in the automotive industry. Based on several converging theoretical perspectives, we present and test a model relating vehicle initial quality ratings to consumers' routine maintenance. Three types of data were collected for the study: (1) vehicle service records at a local dealership, (2) primary data from a survey of vehicle owne...
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作者：Dahan, E; Mendelson, H
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Stanford University
摘要：We model concept testing in new product development as a search for the most profitable solution to a design problem. When allocating resources, developers must balance the cost of testing multiple designs against the potential profits that may result. We propose extreme-value theory as a mathematical abstraction of the concept-testing process. We investigate the trade-off between the benefits and costs of parallel concept testing and derive closed-form solutions for the case of profits that f...
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作者：Loch, CH; Terwiesch, C; Thomke, S
作者单位：INSEAD Business School; University of Pennsylvania; Harvard University
摘要：An important managerial problem in product design in the,extent to which testing activities are carried out in parallel or in series. Parallel testing has the advantage of proceeding more rapidly than serial testing but does not take advantage of the potential for learning between tests, thus resulting in a larger number of tests. We model this trade-off in the form of a dynamic program and derive the optimal testing strategy (or mix of parallel and serial testing) that minimizes both the to;a...
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作者：Hendricks, KB; Singhal, VR
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：This paper documents the long-run stock price performance of firms with effective Total Quality Management (TQM) programs. The winning of quality awards is used as a proxy for effective TQM implementation. We compare stock price performance of award winners against various matched control groups for a five-year implementation period and a five-year postimplementation period. During the implementation period there is no difference in the stock price performance, but during the postimplementatio...
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作者：Kleijnen, JPC; Cheng, RCH; Bettonvil, B
作者单位：Tilburg University; University of Southampton
摘要：Trace-driven (or correlated inspection) simulation means that the simulated and the real systems have some common inputs (say, historical arrival times) so that the two systems' outputs are cross-correlated. To validate such a simulation, this paper focuses on the difference between the average simulated and real responses. To evaluate this validation statistic, the paper develops a novel bootstrap technique-based on replicated runs. This validation statistic and the bootstrap technique are ev...
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作者：Kukreja, A; Schmidt, CP; Miller, DM
作者单位：Xavier University of Louisiana; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
摘要：This research shows that organizations with a number of sister plants, warehouses, or other stocking points can profit from the concept of proactive use of transshipments as an element of their inventory control policy. For certain types of parts, employing transshipments can significantly reduce the total inventory needed throughout the entire collection of stocking points. The study is motivated by a real-life situation involving a large utility company having 29 power-generating plants in f...
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作者：Fleming, L
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：While the Course of technological change is widely accepted to be highly uncertain and unpredictable, little work has identified or studied the ultimate sources and causes of that uncertainty. This paper proposes that purely technological uncertainty derives from inventors' search processes with unfamiliar components and component combinations. Experimentation with new components and new combinations leads to Less useful inventions on average, but it also implies an increase in the variability...
