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作者：Goette, Lorenz; Huffman, David; Meier, Stephan; Sutter, Matthias
作者单位：University of Lausanne; Swarthmore College; Columbia University; University of Innsbruck; University of Gothenburg
摘要：Firms are often organized into groups. Group membership has been shown empirically to have positive effects, in the form of increased prosocial behavior toward in-group members. This includes an enhanced willingness to engage in altruistic punishment of inefficient defection. Our paper provides evidence of a dark side of group membership. In the presence of cues of competition between groups, a taste for harming the out-group emerges: punishment ceases to serve a norm enforcement function, and...
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作者：Zhang, Juanjuan; Liu, Peng
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Cornell University
摘要：Microloan markets allow individual borrowers to raise funding from multiple individual lenders. We use a unique panel data set that tracks the funding dynamics of borrower listings on Prosper.com, the largest microloan market in the United States. We find evidence of rational herding among lenders. Well-funded borrower listings tend to attract more funding after we control for unobserved listing heterogeneity and payoff externalities. Moreover, instead of passively mimicking their peers (irrat...
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作者：Bray, Robert L.; Mendelson, Haim
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：The bullwhip effect is the amplification of demand variability along a supply chain: a company bullwhips if it purchases from suppliers more variably than it sells to customers. Such bullwhips (amplifications of demand variability) can lead to mismatches between demand and production and hence to lower supply chain efficiency. We investigate the bullwhip effect in a sample of 4,689 public U. S. companies over 1974-2008. Overall, about two-thirds of firms bullwhip. The sample's mean and median ...
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作者：Tambe, Prasanna; Hitt, Lorin M.; Brynjolfsson, Erik
作者单位：New York University; University of Pennsylvania; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We gather detailed data on organizational practices and information technology (IT) use at 253 firms to examine the hypothesis that external focus-the ability of a firm to detect and therefore respond to changes in its external operating environment-increases returns to IT, especially when combined with decentralized decision making. First, using survey-based measures, we find that external focus is correlated with both organizational decentralization, and IT investment. Second, we find that a...
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作者：Vinhas, Alberto Sa; Heide, Jan B.; Jap, Sandy D.
作者单位：Washington State University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Melbourne; University of Cambridge; Emory University
摘要：Past research has shown how outcomes in interorganizational relationships are influenced by the characteristics of the individual relationship in question. Focusing on relationships between suppliers and their organizational buyers, we augment this perspective by positing that relationship outcomes are also influenced by social comparison processes involving perceptions of a supplier's practices across comparable buyer relationships. Based on past research on embedded ties and institutional th...
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作者：Guajardo, Jose A.; Cohen, Morris A.; Kim, Sang-Hyun; Netessine, Serguei
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Yale University; INSEAD Business School
摘要：Using a proprietary data set provided by a major manufacturer of aircraft engines, we empirically investigate how product reliability is impacted by the use of two different types of after-sales maintenance support contracts: time and material contracts (T&MC) and performance-based contracts (PBC). We offer a number of competing arguments based on the theory of incentives that establish why product reliability may increase or decrease under PBC. We build a two-stage econometric model that expl...
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作者：Shin, Jiwoong; Sudhir, K.; Yoon, Dae-Hee
作者单位：Yale University; Yonsei University
摘要：The widespread adoption of activity-based costing enables firms to allocate common service costs to each customer, allowing for precise measurement of both the cost to serve a particular customer and the customer's profitability. In this paper, we investigate how pricing strategies based on customer cost information affects a firm's customer acquisition and retention dynamics, and ultimately its profit, using a two-period monopoly model with high-and low-cost customer segments. Although past p...
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作者：Aral, Sinan; Brynjolfsson, Erik; Wu, Lynn
作者单位：New York University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We test for three-way complementarities among information technology (IT), performance pay, and human resource (HR) analytics practices. We develop a principal-agent model examining how these practices work together as an incentive system that produces a larger productivity premium when the practices are implemented in concert rather than separately. We assess our model by combining fine-grained data on human capital management (HCM) software adoption over 11 years with detailed survey data on...
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作者：Oraiopoulos, Nektarios; Ferguson, Mark E.; Toktay, L. Beril
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Secondary markets in the information technology industry, where used or refurbished equipment is traded, have been growing steadily. For original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in this industry, the importance of secondary markets has grown in parallel, not only as a source of revenue, but also because of their impact on these firms' competitive advantage and market strategy. Recent articles in the press have severely criticized some OEMs who are perceived to be actively trying to eliminate th...
