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作者：Belavina, Elena; Girotra, Karan
作者单位：University of Chicago; INSEAD Business School
摘要：This paper provides a novel explanation for the use of supply chain intermediaries. We find that even in the absence of the well-known transactional and informational advantages of mediation, intermediaries improve supply chain performance. In particular, intermediaries facilitate responsive adaptation of the buyers' supplier base to their changing needs while simultaneously ensuring that suppliers behave as if they had long-term sourcing commitments from buying firms. In the face of changing ...
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作者：Gumus, Mehmet; Ray, Saibal; Gurnani, Haresh
作者单位：McGill University; University of Miami
摘要：The risk of supply disruption increases as firms seek to procure from cheaper, but unproven, suppliers. We model a supply chain consisting of a single buyer and two suppliers, both of which compete for the buyer's order and face risk of supply disruption. One supplier is comparatively more reliable but also more expensive, whereas the other one is less reliable but cheaper and faces higher risk of disruption. Moreover, the risk level of the unreliable supplier may be private information, and t...
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作者：de Figueiredo, John M.; Silverman, Brian S.
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; University of Toronto
摘要：This paper examines how the density and governance of vertically related populations affect the life chances of organizations. We integrate the literatures on organizational ecology and vertical integration to develop a theory of how (1) specialized upstream industries affect downstream survival rates, (2) the prevalence of different governance forms among upstream and downstream organizations moderates this relationship, and (3) different forms of governance exert differential competitive pre...
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作者：Hooker, J. N.; Williams, H. P.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We discuss the problem of combining the conflicting objectives of equity and utilitarianism, for social policy making, in a single mathematical programming model. The definition of equity we use is the Rawlsian one of maximizing the minimum utility over individuals or classes of individuals. However, when the disparity of utility becomes too great, the objective becomes progressively utilitarian. Such a model is particularly applicable not only to health provision but to other areas as well. B...
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作者：Tinsley, Catherine H.; Dillon, Robin L.; Cronin, Matthew A.
作者单位：Georgetown University; George Mason University
摘要：In the aftermath of many natural and man-made disasters, people often wonder why those affected were underprepared, especially when the disaster was the result of known or regularly occurring hazards (e.g., hurricanes). We study one contributing factor: prior near-miss experiences. Near misses are events that have some nontrivial expectation of ending in disaster but, by chance, do not. We demonstrate that when near misses are interpreted as disasters that did not occur, people illegitimately ...
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作者：Lim, Andrew E. B.; Shanthikumar, J. George; Vahn, Gah-Yi
作者单位：National University of Singapore; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Purdue University System; Purdue University; University of London; London Business School
摘要：In this paper, we formulate a single-period portfolio choice problem with parameter uncertainty in the framework of relative regret. Relative regret evaluates a portfolio by comparing its return to a family of benchmarks, where the benchmarks are the wealths of fictitious investors who invest optimally given knowledge of the model parameters, and is a natural objective when there is concern about parameter uncertainty or model ambiguity. The optimal relative regret portfolio is the one that pe...
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作者：Uelkue, Sezer; Dimofte, Claudiu V.; Schmidt, Glen M.
作者单位：Georgetown University; California State University System; San Diego State University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Although product modularity is often advocated as a design strategy in the operations management literature, little is known about how consumers respond to modular products. In this research we undertake several experiments to explore consumer response to modularly upgradeable products in settings featuring technological change. We consider both the initial product choice (between a modularly upgradeable product and an integral one) and the subsequent upgrade decision (replacement of a module ...
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作者：Besbes, Omar; Maglaras, Costis
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：We study a seller that starts with an initial inventory of goods, has a target horizon over which to sell the goods, and is subject to a set of financial milestone constraints on the revenues and sales that need to be achieved at different time points along the sales horizon. We characterize the revenue maximizing dynamic pricing policy for the seller and highlight the effect of revenue and sales milestones on its structure. The optimal policy can be written in feedback form, where the price a...
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作者：von Hippel, Eric; de Jong, Jeroen P. J.; Flowers, Stephen
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Brighton
摘要：In a first survey of its type, we measure development and modification of consumer products by product users in a representative sample of 1,173 UK consumers age 18 and older. We estimate this previously unmeasured type of household sector innovation to be quite large: 6.1% of UK consumers-nearly 2.9 million individuals-have engaged in consumer product innovation during the prior three years. In aggregate, consumers' annual product development expenditures are more than 1.4 times larger than t...
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作者：Padilla, Michael; Van Roy, Benjamin
作者单位：Singapore University of Technology & Design; Stanford University
摘要：As much as 12% of the daily volume on the New York Stock Exchange, and similar volumes on other major world exchanges, involves sales by institutional investors to brokers through blind portfolio auctions. Such transactions typically take the form of a first-price sealed-bid auction in which the seller engages a few potential brokers and provides limited information about the portfolio being sold. Uncertainty about the portfolio contents reduces bids, effectively increasing the transaction cos...
