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作者：Hoisl, Karin; Mariani, Myriam
作者单位：University of Mannheim; Copenhagen Business School; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：This study examines differences in income and job performance between women and men in creative, highly skilled jobs tasked with achieving technological inventions. By building on data pertaining to 9,692 inventors from 23 countries, this study shows that female inventors represent only 4.2% of total inventors, and they earn about 14% less than their male peers. The gap persists even when controlling for sources of heterogeneity, the selection of inventors into types of jobs and tasks, and pot...
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作者：Yang, Zihui; Zhou, Yinggang
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Xiamen University; Xiamen University
摘要：We identify networks of volatility spillovers and examine time-varying spillover intensities with daily implied volatilities of U.S. Treasury bonds, global stock indices, and commodities. The U.S. stock market is the center of the international volatility spillover network, and its volatility spillover to other markets has intensified since 2008. Moreover, U.S. quantitative easing alone explains 40%-55% of intensifying spillover from the United States. The addition of interest rate and currenc...
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作者：Koester, Allison; Shevlin, Terry; Wangerin, Daniel
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Michigan State University; Michigan State University's Broad College of Business
摘要：Most prior studies model tax avoidance as a function of firm-level characteristics and do not consider how individual executive characteristics affect tax avoidance. This paper investigates whether executives with superior ability to efficiently manage corporate resources engage in greater tax avoidance. Our results show that moving from the lower to upper quartile of managerial ability is associated with a 3.15% (2.50%) reduction in a firm's one-year (five-year) cash effective tax rate. We ex...
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作者：Jing, Bing
摘要：In a two-period vertical duopoly, we examine how behavior-based price discrimination (BPD) affects the firms' endogenous quality differentiation and profits. The firms' relative production efficiency, defined as the ratio between their unit cost difference and quality difference, plays a crucial role. With exogenous product qualities, BPD always decreases the profits of the more efficient firm, but increases those of the sufficiently less efficient firm. Anticipating its period 2 disadvantage ...
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作者：Buell, Ryan W.; Kim, Tami; Tsay, Chia-Jung
作者单位：Harvard University; University of London; University College London
摘要：We investigate whether organizations can create value by introducing visual transparency between consumers and producers. Although operational transparency has been shown to improve consumer perceptions of service value, existing theory posits that increased contact between consumers and producers may diminish work performance. Two field and two laboratory experiments in food service settings suggest that transparency that (1) allows customers to observe operational processes (process transpar...
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作者：Qi, Jin
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：We consider an appointment system where heterogeneous participants are sequenced and scheduled for service. Because service times are uncertain, the aims are to mitigate the unpleasantness experienced by the participants in the system when their waiting times or delays exceed acceptable thresholds and to address fairness in the balancing of service levels among participants. To evaluate uncertain delays, we propose the Delay Unpleasantness Measure, which takes into account the frequency and in...
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作者：Delis, Manthos D.; Gaganis, Chrysovalantis; Hasan, Iftekhar; Pasiouras, Fotios
作者单位：University of Surrey; University of Crete; Fordham University; Bank of Finland; Technical University of Crete
摘要：We link genetic diversity in the country of origin of the firms' board members with corporate performance via board members' nationality. We hypothesize that our approach captures deep-rooted differences in cultural, institutional, social, psychological, physiological, and other traits that cannot be captured by other recently measured indices of diversity. Using a panel of firms listed in the North American and UK stock markets, we find that adding board directors from countries with differen...
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作者：Kalnins, Arturs
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：Within many of the multioutlet branded chains that dominate the retail and services landscape, the organizational form(e.g., company management, franchising) used to manage an outlet varies from site to site, as do the prices charged at those sites. I propose that organizational form and prices may be systematically related as a result of brand externalities. In particular, I develop logic that the relevant form of externality should differ for upper quality tier brands and lower tier brands. ...
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作者：Frake, Justin
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper investigates why audiences devalue organizations that behave inauthentically. One explanation is that inauthenticity leads to lower perceptions of product quality. This stems from the audience's doubt of an inauthentic actor's capability and commitment to produce high-quality goods. Another explanation is that audiences discount the symbolic value-or what the object represents-of products from inauthentic organizations. I empirically test each of these mechanisms in the craft beer i...
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作者：Gao, Huasheng; Zhang, Wei
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
摘要：We show that U.S. state-level employment nondiscrimination acts (ENDAs)-laws that prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity-spur innovation. We find a significant increase in patents and patent citations for firms head-quartered in states that have passed ENDAs relative to firms head-quartered in states that have not. This result is more pronounced for firms that previously have not implemented pro-gay nondiscrimination policies, for firms in states with a large h...
