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作者：Kodialam, MS; Luss, H
作者单位：Nokia Corporation; Nokia Bell Labs; AT&T
摘要：We consider a simple resource allocation problem with a single resource constraint. The objective function is composed of separable, convex performance functions, one for each activity. Likewise, the constraint has separable, convex resource-usage functions, one for each activity. The objective is to minimize the sum of the performance functions, subject to satisfying the resource constraint and nonnegativity constraints. This problem extends the well-studied problem in which the resource cons...
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作者：Nakayama, MK
作者单位：New Jersey Institute of Technology
摘要：The mean time to failure (MTTF) of a Markovian system can be expressed as a ratio of two expectations. For highly reliable Markovian systems, the resulting ratio formula consists of one expectation that cannot be estimated with bounded relative error when using standard simulation, while the other, which we call a nonrare expectation, can be estimated with bounded relative error. We show that some derivatives of the nonrare expectation cannot be estimated with bounded relative error when using...
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作者：Nemhauser, GL; Trick, MA
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：The nine universities in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) have a basketball competition in which each school plays home and away games against each other over a nine-week period. The creation of a suitable schedule is a very difficult problem with a myriad of conflicting requirements and preferences. We develop an approach to scheduling problems that uses a combination of integer programming and enumerative techniques. Our approach yields reasonable schedules very quickly and gave a schedul...
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作者：Saaty, TL
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：This paper is an outgrowth of a talk given at a plenary session of the national meeting of ORSA/TIMS (now INFORMS) in May of 1996. Rather than speculate on what might be the possible domain of OR/MS within a systems framework, the paper gives a sketch of what basic ideas there are today that can help us get to a unified mathematical theory of the subject. The concept of influence occurs in all fields of knowledge-from physics, with its gravitational and electromagnetic influences, to sociology...
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作者：Kleywegt, AJ; Papastavrou, JD
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：The Dynamic and Stochastic Knapsack Problem (DSKP) is defined as follows. Items arrive according to a Poisson process in time. Each item has a demand (size) for a limited resource (the knapsack) and an associated reward. The resource requirements and rewards are jointly distributed according to a known probability distribution and become known at the time of the item's arrival. Items can be either accepted or rejected. If an item is accepted, the item's reward is received; and if an item is re...
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作者：Srivatsan, N; Dallery, Y
作者单位：Intel Corporation; Intel USA; Sorbonne Universite
摘要：The production control problem in unreliable manufacturing systems has generated a great deal of interest recently. The goal is the real-time calculation of production rates to minimize total expected surplus and backlog costs in a production system. A class of feedback control policies, called hedging point policies, has been studied in literature and shown to be optimal for certain single-part-type systems. This paper focuses mainly on the performance of hedging point policies in two-part-ty...
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作者：Rao, S; Petersen, ER
作者单位：Queens University - Canada
摘要：We consider the problem of a service facility that offers m different priority classes to its n customers, and sets a tariff (price-schedule) to maximize profit. Each customer must use the service facility and will select an output rate and the priority classes used to maximize profit. The problem is formulated as a noncooperative game. We show that equilibrium output rates and assignments to priority classes can be determined by solving the integrated system problem (ISP) that maximizes the j...
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作者：Andreatta, G; Brunetta, L
作者单位：University of Padua
摘要：Congestion in the air traffic network is becoming an increasingly serious problem that causes inconvenience to passengers, losses to airlines and, last but not least, threats to airspace safety. One way of reducing the amount of congestion is to use Ground Holding policies, i.e., to impose on selected aircraft a ground holding prior to their departure so that congestion during peak periods of time may be smoothed away. In this paper we restrict our attention to the Multiairport Ground Holding ...
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作者：Baruah, SK
作者单位：University of Vermont
摘要：The problem of scheduling precedence-constrained task systems characterized by interprocessor communication delays is addressed. It is assumed that task duplication is permitted. The target machine is a homogenous multiprocessor with an unbounded number of processors. The general problem is known to be NP-hard; however, when communication delays are small relative to task execution times, the C.P.M. based approach of Colin and Chretienne (1991) yields an optimal schedule in polynomial time. Ex...
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作者：Ezawa, KJ
摘要：In this paper, we introduce evidence propagation operations on influence diagrams, a concept of the value of evidence to measure the impact/value of new observations/experimentation, and a concept of the value of revelation Evidence propagation operations are critical for the computation of the value of evidence, general update and inference operations in normative expert systems that are based on the influence diagram (generalized Bayesian network) paradigm. The value of evidence allows us to...
