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作者：Arbib, C; Marinelli, F; Rossi, F; Di Iorio, F
作者单位：University of L'Aquila; University of L'Aquila
摘要：This paper presents a decision support tool for solving a cutting and reuse problem arising in a European plant devoted to the production of gear belts. In this production, rectangular pieces of rubberised nylon are cut using machines employing parallel blades, so as to obtain rectangular components of identical height and (possibly) different width. A component is then used to produce a set of belts with the same girth; but, if necessary, the girth required can also be obtained by sewing toge...
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作者：Keeney, RL
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：Value trade-offs define how much must be gained in the achievement of one objective to compensate for a lesser achievement on a different objective. Value trade-offs that adequately express a decision maker's values are essential both for good decision making in multiple-objective contexts and for insightful analyses of multiple-objective decisions. This paper identifies and illustrates 12 important mistakes frequently made that limit one's ability to determine useful value trade-offs. It then...
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作者：Camm, JD; Norman, SK; Polasky, S; Solow, AR
作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; Northern Arizona University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
摘要：We analyze the problem of maximizing the expected number of species in a nature reserve network, subject to a constraint on the number of sites in the network, given probabilistic information about species occurrences. The problem is a nonlinear binary integer program that is NP-hard. We develop a linear integer programming approximation that may be solved with standard integer programming software. We compare the approximation with two other approaches, an expected greedy approach and a proba...
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作者：Beraldi, P; Ruszczynski, A
作者单位：University of Calabria; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：In a probabilistic set-covering problem the right-hand side is a random binary vector and the covering constraint has to be satisfied with some prescribed probability. We analyze the structure of the set of probabilistically efficient points of binary random vectors, develop methods for their enumeration, and propose specialized branch-and-bound algorithms for probabilistic set-covering problems.
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作者：Aardal, K; Hurkens, C; Lenstra, JK; Tiourine, S
作者单位：Utrecht University; Eindhoven University of Technology
摘要：The radio link frequency assignment problem occurs when a network of radio links has to be established. Each link must be assigned an operating frequency from a given domain. The assignment has to satisfy certain restrictions so as to limit the interference between links. The number of frequencies used is to be minimized. Problems of this type were investigated within the CALMA project by a consortium consisting of research groups from Delft, Eindhoven, London, Maastricht, Norwich, and Toulous...
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作者：Park, S; Fowler, JW; Mackulak, GT; Keats, JB; Carlyle, WM
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：A cycle time-throughput curve quantifies the relationship of average cycle time to throughput rates in a manufacturing system. Moreover, it indicates the asymptotic capacity of a system. Such a curve is used to characterize system performance over a range of start rates. Simulation is a fundamental method for generating such curves since simulation can handle the complexity of real systems with acceptable precision and accuracy. A simulation-based cycle time-throughput curve requires a large a...
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作者：Gans, N; Zhou, YP
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：We study the employee staffing problem in a service organization that uses employee service capacity to meet random, nonstationary service requirements. The employees experience learning and turnover on the job, and we develop a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model which explicitly represents the stochastic nature of these effects. Theoretical results show that the optimal hiring policy is of a state-dependent hire-up-to type, similar to an inventory order-up-to policy. For two important specia...
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作者：Rosling, K
作者单位：Vaxjo University; Linnaeus University
摘要：This article considers five cost-rate models for inventory control, each summarizing the expected holding and shortage costs per period as a function of the inventory position. All models have linear holding costs and shortage cost coefficients of dimension [$/unit/period], [$/unit], and [$/period]. The latter two coefficients may be the shadow costs of a fill-rate and a ready-rate service constraint, respectively. One of the cost-rate models is a new suggestion, intended to facilitate modelin...
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作者：Savas, S; Batta, R; Nagi, R
作者单位：Koc University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
摘要：We consider the placement (location and orientation) of a single finite-size (finite-area, arbitrary shape) facility in the plane under the assumption that all travel occurs according to the rectilinear (or Manhattan) metric in the presence of impenetrable barriers to travel. Facility users are distributed over a finite set of demand points. The facility serves the users via a service point (server) located on the boundary of the facility. We consider an interactive model in the sense that the...
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作者：Chen, H; Shen, XY; Yao, DD
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Columbia University
摘要：We study a multiclass open-queueing network with a set of single-server stations that operate under a combination of FIFO (first-in-first-out) and priority service disciplines, and are subject to random breakdowns. Assuming that the primitive processes-in particular, external arrivals, service requirements, service capacities (up and down times), and the routing mechanism-follow two-moment approximations (based on functional central limit theorems), we develop a semi-martingale reflected Brown...
