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作者：Roth, Aleda V.
作者单位：Clemson University
摘要：T his paper sets the stage for the special issue on the application of empirical science in operations management (OM). It highlights the contributions that empirical science can make to operations management research and practice. In particular, the role of theory building and testing as a motivation for OM empirical research is emphasized. The paper provides a brief history of the empirical tradition in OM and the scholars who were the early pioneers. The paper also gives a brief overview of...
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作者：Fisher, Marshall
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：I suggest that the prospering fields of physics, medicine, and finance illustrate the value of a strong empirical dimension to research that is well integrated with theoretical research. I use empirical research in these fields to formulate a framework for classifying empirical research and illustrate that framework with a few selected examples in operations management. I offer some advice on data sources and approaches to conducting empirical research and suggest ways strengthening empirical ...
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作者：Chen, Hong; Frank, Murray Z.; Wu, Owen Q.
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：This paper examines the inventories of publicly traded U.S. retail and wholesale companies between 1981 and 2004. First, we document that inventory holdings have been reduced. The median of wholesale inventory holding periods was reduced from 73 days to 49 days. Retail inventory did not start to decline until about 1995. Second, we document that firms with abnormally high inventories have abnormally poor long-term stock returns. Third, we illustrate these effects for the cases of Wal-Mart, 7-E...
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作者：Cachon, Gerard P.; Randall, Taylor; Schmidt, Glen M.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：The bullwhip effect is the phenomenon of increasing demand variability in the supply chain from downstream echelons (retail) to upstream echelons (manufacturing). The objective of this study is to document the strength of the bullwhip effect in industry-level U.S. data. In particular, we say an industry exhibits the bullwhip effect if the variance of the inflow of material to the industry (what macroeconomists often refer to as the variance of an industry's production) is greater than the vari...
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作者：Tucker, Anita L.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This paper investigates the conditions under which frontline employees take initiative to improve their work systems to prevent operational failures. Drawing on the system improvement and team learning literatures, we develop a framework of frontline system improvement and test it using survey data from 37 workgroups. We find that psychological safety-the belief that one can talk about errors without risk of punishment- and problem-solving efficacy-the belief that the organization will support...
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作者：DeHoratius, Nicole; Raman, Ananth
作者单位：University of Chicago; Harvard University
摘要：Store managers perform multiple tasks within a store, and the way in which they are evaluated and rewarded for these tasks affects their behavior. Using empirical data from multiple stores of a consumer electronics retailer, Tweeter Home Entertainment Group, we highlight the extent to which store manager incentive design impacts store manager behavior and, consequently, retail performance. More specifically, we describe the shift in store manager behavior resulting from a change in incentives,...
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作者：Xue, Mei; Hitt, Lorin M.; Harker, Patrick T.
作者单位：Boston College; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Innovations in technology and service design have increasingly enabled firms to incorporate self-service technology to augment or substitute for traditional employee-provided service channels. Although it is clear that self-service can reduce cost, less is known about how customers utilize self-service channels in a multichannel service delivery system and the resulting impact on firm performance. An important aspect of service operations is that customers are coproducers of the service. Thus,...
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作者：Menor, Larry J.; Kristal, M. Murat; Rosenzweig, Eve D.
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital; York University - Canada; Emory University
摘要：Managers have long been challenged by an abundance of internal and external demands and uncertainties in their operating environments. Anecdotal evidence and a growing number of research studies have advocated process flexibility and product innovation as organization-level operating capabilities critical for responding to such demands and uncertainties, and have highlighted the need for more efficient and effective management of the firm's knowledge-based resources. Leveraging arguments from ...
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作者：Bardhan, Indranil R.; Krishnan, Vish V.; Lin, Shu
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of California System; University of California San Diego; California State University System; California State University Fresno
摘要：As firms focus on new product, process, and service innovations, improving the performance and productivity of projects that help deliver these innovations assumes greater importance. Information technology (IT) has been an enabler of manufacturing productivity improvement, but its effect on improving the productivity of innovation-intensive operational activities has been mixed. In this paper, we explore the pathways through which IT impacts project-level performance measured in terms of spee...
