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作者：Saghafian, Soroush; Hopp, Wallace J.; Van Oyen, Mark P.; Desmond, Jeffrey S.; Kronick, Steven L.
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：Hospital emergency departments (EDs) typically use triage systems that classify and prioritize patients almost exclusively in terms of their need for timely care. Using a combination of analytic and simulation models, we demonstrate that adding an up-front estimate of patient complexity to conventional urgency-based classification can substantially improve both patient safety (by reducing the risk of adverse events) and operational efficiency (by shortening the average length of stay). Moreove...
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作者：Tunca, Tunay I.; Wu, D. J.; Zhong, Fang (Vivian)
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：The use of multiattribute auctions for procurement of products and services when both price and quality matter is becoming more frequent. Such auctions often employ scoring rules and are open ended in winner determination. Yet there is a significant gap in the literature on the efficiency of these procurement mechanisms. In this paper, providing a theoretical model and utilizing data from legal service procurement auctions, we study how open-ended scoring auctions can be used effectively in pr...
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作者：Wang, Rowan; Jouini, Oualid; Benjaafar, Saif
作者单位：Singapore Management University; Universite Paris Saclay; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Singapore University of Technology & Design
摘要：We consider service systems with a finite number of customer arrivals, where customer interarrival times and service times are both stochastic and heterogeneous. Applications of such systems are numerous and include systems where arrivals are driven by events or service completions in serial processes as well as systems where servers are subject to learning or fatigue. Using an embedded Markov chain approach, we characterize the waiting time distribution for each customer, from which we obtain...
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作者：Haviv, Moshe; Randhawa, Ramandeep S.
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Southern California
摘要：We consider revenue optimization in an M/M/1 queue with price and delay sensitive customers, and we study the performance of demand-independent pricing that does not require any arrival rate information. We formally characterize the optimal demand-independent price and its performance relative to pricing with precise arrival rate knowledge. We find that demand-independent pricing can perform remarkably well and its performance improves as customers become more delay sensitive. In particular, f...
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作者：Li, Tian; Tong, Shilu; Zhang, Hongtao
作者单位：East China University of Science & Technology; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：A firm hires a consultant to acquire demand information. The outcome of information acquisition may turn out to be successful such that the firm learns much about the market demand, thus becoming informed, or unsuccessful such that it learns very little about the market demand, thus remaining uninformed. After the outcome becomes clear, the firm knows its information status, informed or uninformed, and the information content if informed. The client firm usually requires strict confidentiality...
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作者：Mak, Vincent; Rapoport, Amnon; Gisches, Eyran J.; Han, Jiaojie
作者单位：University of Cambridge; University of California System; University of California Riverside; University of Arizona; Zhongnan University of Economics & Law
摘要：Whereas theoretical studies on dynamic pricing typically assume that consumers are either fully strategic or fully myopic, systematic empirical investigations into how consumers behave under dynamic pricing contexts are relatively rare. Focusing on scarce products, we constructed and experimentally tested a two-stage model in which a firm sells a seasonal good under exogenous inventory constraints to a market of strategic buyers. In our experiment, subjects assigned the role of buyers made pur...
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作者：Wang, Wen-Ya; Gupta, Diwakar
作者单位：California State University System; San Jose State University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Inpatient staffing costs are significantly affected by nurse absenteeism, which is typically high in U. S. hospitals. We use data from multiple inpatient units of two hospitals to study which factors, including unit culture, short-term workload, and shift type, explain nurse absenteeism. The analysis highlights the importance of paying attention to heterogeneous absentee rates among individual nurses. We then develop models to investigate the impact of demand and absentee rate variability on t...
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作者：Li, Qing; Yu, Peiwen
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Fudan University
摘要：We apply the concept of multimodularity in three stochastic dynamic inventory problems in which state and decision variables are economic substitutes. The first is clearance sales of perishable goods. The second is sourcing from multiple suppliers with different lead times. The third is transshipment under capacity constraints. In all three problems, we establish monotone optimal polices with bounded sensitivity. Multimodularity proves to be an effective tool for these problems because it impl...
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作者：Kim, Song-Hee; Whitt, Ward
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Service systems such as call centers and hospitals typically have strongly time-varying arrivals. A natural model for such an arrival process is a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP), but that should be tested by applying appropriate statistical tests to arrival data. Assuming that the NHPP has a rate that can be regarded as approximately piecewise-constant, a Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) statistical test of a Poisson process (PP) can be applied to test for a NHPP by combining data from separate ...
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作者：Erenay, Fatih Safa; Alagoz, Oguzhan; Said, Adnan
作者单位：University of Waterloo; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Millions of Americans undergo colonoscopy screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and surveillance every year. The efficiency of colonoscopy operations depends on how often patients are screened, which is a complex and controversial decision, as reflected by the discrepancy between clinical practice and guidelines. We develop a partially observable Markov decision process to optimize colonoscopy screening policies for the objective of maximizing total quality-adjusted life years. Our ...
