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作者：BURGERS, WP; HILL, CWL; KIM, WC
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; INSEAD Business School
摘要：The theory articulated in this paper suggests that the desire to reduce demand and competitive uncertainty are two separate, important motives for alliance formation. Taking this as a starting point, we predict the configuration of horizontal alliances that we might expect to observe within an industry when firms experience these uncertainties to different degrees. An empirical test of this, theory using data from the global auto industry yields results consistent with the view (1) that allian...
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作者：SAWYERR, OO
摘要：This study investigated the relationship between perception of environmental uncertainty (PEU) and environmental scanning behavior of Chief Executive Officers of 47 manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The results indicated that perceived uncertainty in the environment was significantly higher for the task environment sectors than for the remote environment sectors; and as perceived uncertainty increased in a sector of the environment, scanning frequency and scanning interests also increased. The r...
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作者：BAUCUS, DA; GOLEC, JH; COOPER, JR
作者单位：Clark University
摘要：We show that the risk-return paradox can be partly explained by the choice of accounting risk and return measures. Returns computed with equity or assets from End-of-Period (EOP) annual reports produce negative risk-return associations, while measures calculated using Beginning-of-Period (BOP) equity or assets yield more positive relationships. The likelihood of reporting negative relationships using EOP methods is accentuated by dividing samples at median returns. Below-median firms suffer lo...
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作者：RICHARDSON, J
摘要：Japanese auto makers are reported to enjoy high supplier performance through long-term relationships, specific investments, and sole sourcing. Quality management consultants in the U.S. have been strongly advocating adoption of these practices. But economic and management theorists would predict that the combination of a high level of relationship-specific investments and sole sourcing will lead to problems with supplier performance. In fact the Japanese auto makers use a hybrid form of organi...
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作者：MEZIAS, SJ; GLYNN, MA
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：We examine corporate renewal by taking a structural approach and focusing on the routines and rules that are part of large, established, bureaucratic organizations. We characterize approaches to the management of innovation in terms of three different themes-institutional, revolutional, and evolutional strategies. The first two approaches involve intentional efforts to encourage innovation, either within the current organizational paradigm (institutionalizing innovation) or moving away from it...
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作者：PETERAF, MA
摘要：This paper elucidates the underlying economics of the resource-based view of competitive advantage and integrates existing perspectives into a parsimonious model of resources and firm performance. The essence of this model is that four conditions underlie sustained competitive advantage, all of which must be met. These include superior resources (heterogeneity within an industry), ex post limits to competition, imperfect resource mobility, and ex ante limits to competition. In the concluding s...
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作者：ROBINS, JA
摘要：Few changes in the structure of firms have attracted as much attention during the last decade as the movement away from integrated production and toward cooperative relations among independent organizations. Despite recent emphasis on these strategies of 'disaggregation' and 'network' organization, little quantitative research exists on the impact of this type of reorganization on economic performance-at least in part due to the difficulty of obtaining appropriate data. The economic impact of ...
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作者：LONG, WF; RAVENSCRAFT, DJ
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：This paper deals with the impact of debt on R&D intensity for firms undergoing a leveraged buyout (LBO). We develop seven hypotheses based on capital market imperfection theories and agency theory. To test these hypotheses, we compare 72 R&D performing LBOs with 3329 non-LBO control observations and 126 LBOs with little or no R&D expenditures. The regressions yield four statistically significant major findings. First, pre-LBO R&D intensity is roughly one-half of the overall manufacturing mean ...
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作者：ITO, K; PUCIK, V
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：This paper examines three factors influencing the export performances of Japanese manufacturing firms: R&D spending, domestic competitive position, and firm size. Export sales are positively associated with (1) R&D expenditures, (2) size of a firm, and (3) average R&D intensity of an industry. A firm's export ratio is related to the size of the firm, but not to the firm's and the industry's R&D intensities. Follower firms are characterized by higher export ratios than market leaders. The resul...
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作者：ZAJAC, EJ; KRAATZ, MS
摘要：This study examines the environmental and organizational forces, counter-forces, and performance consequences of strategic restructuring in the higher education industry. The study proposes a diametric forces model to address the conflicting pressures for strategic change faced by these organizations, and uses extensive longitudinal data spanning the last two decades to examine the ways in which restructuring has been used as a successful adaptive response. The results suggest that, contrary t...
