-
作者：TYRE, MJ; ORLIKOWSKI, WJ
摘要：This paper examines the introduction and adaptation of technologies that support productive operations. The authors argue that the process of technological adaptation is not gradual and continuous, as often argued in the innovation literature, but is instead highly discontinuous. Evidence from three manufacturing and service organizations indicates that there exists a relatively brief window of opportunity to explore and modify new process technology following initial implementation. Afterward...
-
作者：STAW, BM; SUTTON, RI; PELLED, LH
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：This paper draws on writings in psychology, sociology and organizational behavior to develop a conceptual framework that specifies how positive emotion helps employees obtain favorable outcomes at work. We propose that feeling and expressing positive emotions on the job have favorable consequences on: (1) employees independent of their relationships with others (e.g., greater persistence), (2) reactions of others to employees (e.g., ''halo,'' or overgeneralization to other desirable traits), a...
-
作者：BUDROS, A
摘要：Organizational ecologists argue that numbers of firms (density dependence) significantly affect industrial development. Rising numbers of firms are thought to legitimize a young industry, leading persons to launch new firms in the industry; but in a more crowded, older industry, increasing numbers of companies are expected to intensify competition, producing a decline in organizational births. Since this argument dominates ecological theory, results that challenge it must be explained. I ident...
-
作者：COMER, DR
摘要：Workplace drug testing, particularly urinalysis, has proliferated in the last few years. Despite widespread support for biological testing, research suggests that not all drug use diminishes performance and that testing may fail to deter the most potentially harmful substance abuse. There is no solid empirical evidence that drug testing is associated with enhanced organizational productivity and safety, and findings that persons who fail drug tests are inferior workers may be rooted in ethnic ...
-
作者：CORNER, PD; KINICKI, AJ; KEATS, BW
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
摘要：Existing information processing theories of strategic choice focus on either the organizational or individual level of analysis. This single level focus makes these theories incomplete representations of how strategic decisions are actually made in organizations. We believe an integration of these two levels is necessary for a comprehensive view of choice. This paper thus proposes a parallel process model of strategic decision making that integrates organizational and individual level informat...
-
作者：MEINDL, JR; STUBBART, C; PORAC, JF
作者单位：Southern Illinois University System; Southern Illinois University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This special issue of Organization Science taps into the burgeoning work on managerial and organizational cognition. In the last 15 years, there has been a decided ''cognitive turn'' within organizational studies as researchers increasingly explore the relationships among mind, management, and organization. The early groundwork established by the Carnegie School of organizational theory, the success of modem cognitive science, and the recent diffusion of social constructionism within organizat...
-
作者：FROST, PJ
-
作者：BOLAND, RJ; TENKASI, RV; TEENI, D
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：Cognition in organizations is a distributed phenomenon, in which individual members of an organization reflect upon their experience, make plans, or take action. Organizational learning or organizational cognition are familiar terms, but it is only the individual persons in an organization who create interpretations and test understandings, as they think and learn in their organizational setting. Coordinated outcomes emerge in organizations when individuals think and act in ways that take othe...
-
作者：CAVANAUGH, JM; PRASAD, P
作者单位：University of Calgary
-
作者：PHILLIPS, ME
摘要：Cultures are dynamic, shared mindsets that, in organizational settings, are usually believed to be nationally or organizationally based. In this paper, the existence of industry cultures is explored. Previous studies of industry-based cognitive constructs have narrowly focused on top managers' mental models for strategic decision making. Here, broad-based assumption sets comprising the cultural knowledge widely shared among organizational participants within two industries (fine arts museums a...
