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作者：Kogut, B; Zander, U
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：Firms are organizations that represent social knowledge of coordination and learning. But why should their boundaries demarcate quantitative shifts in the knowledge and capability of their members? Should not knowledge reside also in a network of interacting firms? This line of questioning presents the challenge to state an alternative view to the ''theory of the firm,'' a theory that has moved from Cease's early treatment of what firms do to a concern with ownership, incentives, and self-inte...
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作者：Barney, JB
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作者：Conner, KR; Prahalad, CK
摘要：This paper develops a resource-based--knowledge-based-theory of the firm. Its thesis is that the organizational mode through which individuals cooperate affects the knowledge they apply to business activity. We focus on the polar cases of organization within a firm as compared to market contracting. There will be a difference in the knowledge that is brought to bear, and hence in joint productivity, under the two options. Thus, as compared to opportunism-based, transaction-cost theory, we adva...
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作者：Buenger, V; Daft, RL; Conlon, EJ; Austin, J
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; United States Department of Defense; United States Air Force; United States Air Force Academy
摘要：Managers recognize that they must satisfy a variety of demands, some contradictory. The authors investigated this circumstance using Quinn and Rohrbaugh's competing values model. They report the findings of a study that identified and measured the four competing values (internal process value, rational goal value, human relations value, and open system value) across organizations and investigated whether contextual and structural variables were systematically associated with those value sets. ...
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作者：Wiseman, RM; Bromiley, P
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Scholars who study organizational decline have argued that declining organizations reduce or eliminate their riskier activities such as innovation. Further, they cite reduced risk-taking as a primary contributor to further decline. Scholars with an interest in risk per se come to the opposite conclusion: low performing firms often take more risks than other firms and such risks reduce subsequent performance. This study attempts to resolve these conflicting views by examining the risk of firms ...
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作者：Frost, PJ
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作者：Madhok, A
摘要：In a recent 1993 paper in Organization Science, Hennart discussed the underlying logic, based on transaction cost and agency theory, for explaining the choice between firms and markets and the reason why most transactions have both firm-like and market-like properties. Relying on Williamson's comparative institutional approach, which studies economic organization from a transaction cost minimizing point of view under the assumption of opportunism, the argument was made that transaction cost (T...
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作者：Foss, NJ
摘要：It is argued that Kogut and Zander (1992) and Conner (1991) erred in the specific way in which they claimed that a distinct theory of the multi-person firm can be constructed on the basis of a theory of organizational knowledge or from resource-based insights. It is not possible to tell very much of a story about why there should be firms in lieu of notions such as ''opportunism'' or ''moral hazard.'' However, properly interpreted, knowledge-based theories may help shed light on issues relatin...
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作者：Foss, NJ
摘要：This paper continues the critique of knowledge-based theories of the firm that was undertaken in Foss (1996a), specifically criticizing the reasoning in Kogut and Zander (1996) and Conner and Prahalad (1996). I argue that Kogut and Zander (1996) attempt to explain firm organization in terms of a preference for such organization--a distinctly non-economic mode of explanation--and that Conner and Prahalad fail to sufficiently characterize the nature of the firm, because they identify firm organi...
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作者：Morand, DA
摘要：Organizational literature has long presumed that power is communicated and enacted through behaviors exchanged at the level of face-to-face interaction. Little research, however, has investigated this aspect of power. The author explores how power is embedded in manners of speech exchanged in everyday interaction among superiors and subordinates. He draws upon the sociolinguistic theory of ''politeness''. Politeness, linguistic behaviors used to demonstrate regard and consideration for others,...
