-
作者：McKendrick, David G.; Hannan, Michael T.
作者单位：Australian National University; Stanford University
摘要：We build on recent theory and research on the role of categories in resource partitioning. We analyze Scotch whisky making between 1826 and 2009-a case that seemed initially to fail to conform to the pattern of the beer industry now treated as prototypical. On close examination (both qualitative and quantitative), we find that high concentration in the center of the market is not sufficient to generate a partition. Rather, we see a long delay between the heightening of concentration in the ind...
-
作者：Mulotte, Louis
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：We examine the potential for improved performance through experiential learning of three modes of new product introduction: internal development, joint development, and licensing. Drawing on the organizational learning literature, we argue that the speed of experiential learning-that is to say, the marginal performance benefit of experience-is higher when firms carry out activities that allow for a clearer understanding of cause-effect relationships, whereas experiential benefits plateau at hi...
-
作者：Oetzel, Jennifer M.; Oh, Chang Hoon
作者单位：American University; Simon Fraser University
摘要：We investigate whether firm experience with discontinuous risks, particularly high-impact disasters that are episodic and difficult to anticipate, moderates the relationship between disasters, foreign entry, and expansion decisions. Using a panel data set with 57,500 observations from 106 large European multinational corporations and their subsidiaries operating across 109 countries from 2001 to 2007, we find that although discontinuous risk was negatively related to firm entry and expansion, ...
-
作者：Etzion, Dror
作者单位：McGill University
摘要：An overlooked aspect of the diffusion of a practice in a population is the emergence of a de facto classificatory schema, distinguishing between actors that adopt a practice and those that do not. To investigate diffusion as classification, I develop a simulation model that highlights the conditions under which limited diffusion of practices leads to the emergence and entrenchment of classificatory schemas. The model depicts classification as a systemic phenomenon resulting from the interplay ...
-
作者：Ashforth, Blake E.; Rogers, Kristie M.; Pratt, Michael G.; Pradies, Camille
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of Kansas; Boston College
摘要：The experience of simultaneously positive and negative orientations toward a person, goal, task, idea, and such appears to be quite common in organizations, but it is poorly understood. We develop a multilevel perspective on ambivalence in organizations that demonstrates how this phenomenon is integral to certain cognitive and emotional processes and important outcomes. Specifically, we discuss the organizational triggers of ambivalence and the cognitive and emotional mechanisms through which ...
-
作者：Yiu, Daphne W.; Xu, Yuehua; Wan, William P.
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Sun Yat Sen University; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：This study extends the research on corporate financial fraud by developing a new perspective on the deterrence effects of vicarious punishments premised on social learning theory. We posit that firms vicariously learn about punishments from their peers by picking up modeling cues, environmental cues, and social cues in the inhibitive learning process, thus being deterred from committing future fraudulence. Using a matched sample of 604 observations of Chinese listed firms between 2002 and 2008...
-
作者：Chakravarti, Arjun; Menon, Tanya; Winship, Christopher
作者单位：Illinois Institute of Technology; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Harvard University
摘要：The contact hypothesis offers a tantalizing promise, suggesting that people of different races can build positive relationships through contact. The present research situates contact in its local social structure, showing how group size and racial composition shape contact. We analyze a natural experiment at Harvard University where incoming first-year students (freshmen) were randomly assigned to freshman roommates and months later chose their own second-year roommates. Interracial dyads with...
