作者：Abrevaya, Jason; Puzzello, Laura
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Monash University
作者：Swanson, Eric T.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - San Francisco
作者：Chassang, Sylvain; Padro i Miquel, Gerard; Snowberg, Erik
作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; California Institute of Technology
摘要：We study the design of randomized controlled experiments when outcomes are significantly affected by experimental subjects' unobserved effort expenditure. While standard randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are internally consistent, the unobservability of effort compromises external validity. We approach trial design as a principal-agent problem and show that natural extensions of RCTs-which we call selective trials-can help improve external validity. In particular, selective trials can disent...
作者：Kube, Sebastian; Marechal, Michel Andre; Puppe, Clemens
作者单位：University of Bonn; University of Zurich; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
