-
作者：Egger, Dennis; Haushofer, Johannes; Miguel, Edward; Niehaus, Paul; Walker, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stockholm University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：How large economic stimuli generate individual and aggregate responses is a central question in economics, but has not been studied experimentally. We provided one-time cash transfers of about USD 1000 to over 10,500 poor households across 653 randomized villages in rural Kenya. The implied fiscal shock was over 15 percent of local GDP. We find large impacts on consumption and assets for recipients. Importantly, we document large positive spillovers on non-recipient households and firms, and m...
-
作者：Sinander, Ludvig
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford
摘要：I prove an envelope theorem with a converse: the envelope formula is equivalent to a first-order condition. Like Milgrom and Segal's (2002) envelope theorem, my result requires no structure on the choice set. I use the converse envelope theorem to extend to general outcomes and preferences the canonical result in mechanism design that any increasing allocation is implementable, and apply this to selling information.
-
作者：Muller, Ulrich K.; Watson, Mark W.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：We propose a method for constructing confidence intervals that account for many forms of spatial correlation. The interval has the familiar estimator plus and minus a standard error times a critical value form, but we propose new methods for constructing the standard error and the critical value. The standard error is constructed using population principal components from a given worst-case spatial correlation model. The critical value is chosen to ensure coverage in a benchmark parametric mod...
-
作者：Angrist, Joshua D.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The view that empirical strategies in economics should be transparent and credible now goes almost without saying. By revealing for whom particular instrumental variables (IV) estimates are valid, the local average treatment effects (LATE) framework helped make this so. This lecture uses empirical examples, mostly involving effects of charter and exam school attendance, to illustrate the value of the LATE framework for causal inference. LATE distinguishes independence conditions satisfied by r...
