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作者：Harmon, Nikolaj; Fisman, Raymond; Kamenica, Emir
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Boston University; University of Chicago
摘要：We exploit seating rules in the European Parliament to identify peer effects in legislative voting. Sitting adjacently leads to a 7 percent reduction in the overall likelihood that two members of the European Parliament (MEPs) from the same party differ in their vote. Peer effects are markedly stronger among pairs of women, MEP pairs from the same country, and in close votes. Using variation in seating across the parliament's two venues (Brussels and Strasbourg), we show that peer effects are ...
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作者：Ang, Desmond
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down parts of the Voting Rights Act that mandated federal oversight of election laws in discriminatory jurisdictions, prompting a spate of controversial new voting rules. Utilizing difference-in-differences to examine the act's 1975 revision, I provide the first estimates of the effects of preclearance oversight. I find that preclearance increased long-run voter turnout by 4-8 percentage points, due to lasting gains in minority participation. Surprisingly, Dem...
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作者：Billings, Stephen B.; Deming, David J.; Ross, Stephen L.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Harvard University; University of Connecticut
摘要：Social interactions may explain the large variance in criminal activity across neighborhoods and time. We present direct evidence of social spillovers in crime using random variation in neighborhood residence along opposite sides of a newly drawn school boundary. We first show evidence for agglomeration effects-within small neighborhood areas, grouping more disadvantaged students together in the same school increases total crime. We then show that these youths are more likely to be arrested fo...
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作者：Nyqvist, Martina Bjorkman; Guariso, Andrea; Svensson, Jakob; Yanagizawa-Drott, David
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Trinity College Dublin; Stockholm University; University of Zurich
摘要：The delivery of basic health products and services remains abysmal in many parts of the world where child mortality is high. This paper shows the results from a large-scale randomized evaluation of a novel approach to health care delivery In randomly selected villages, a sales agent was locally recruited and incentivized to conduct home visits, educate households on essential health behaviors, provide medical advice and referrals, and sell preventive and curative health products. Results after...
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作者：Barrera-Osorio, Felipe; Linden, Leigh L.; Saavedra, Juan E.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Southern California
摘要：In 2005 the city of Bogota, Colombia, introduced three conditional cash transfer programs for secondary schooling, randomly assigning socioeconomically disadvantaged students to different payment structures. We show, through administrative data, that forcing families to save one-third of the transfer increases long-term human capital accumulation by means of additional tertiary education-which is not incentivized-, casting doubt on conditionalities as a driving mechanism. Directly incentivizin...
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作者：Meager, Rachael
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Despite evidence from multiple randomized evaluations of microcredit, questions about external validity have impeded consensus on the results. I jointly estimate the average effect and the heterogeneity in effects across seven studies using Bayesian hierarchical models. I find the impact on household business and consumption variables is unlikely to be transformative and may be negligible. I find reasonable external validity: true heterogeneity in effects is moderate, and approximately 60 perc...
