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作者：Dafny, Leemore
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：There is limited empirical evidence about the impact of for-profit health insurers on various outcomes. I study the effects of conversions to for-profit status by Blue Cross and Blue Shield (BCBS) affiliates in 11 states, spanning 28 geographic markets. I find both the BCBS affiliate and its rivals increased premiums following conversions in markets where the converting affiliate had substantial market share. Medicaid enrollment rates also increased in these markets, a pattern consistent with ...
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作者：Guceri, Irem; Liu, Li
作者单位：University of Oxford; International Monetary Fund
摘要：We exploit a 2008 UK policy reform that increased the tax incentives for R&D in medium-sized enterprises relative to large ones, to over-come the endogeneity of exposure to such tax credits. We estimate a difference-in-difference design on the universe of corporation tax filings in the United Kingdom., combined with. other datasets. We find a positive and significant impact of tax credits for R&D, implying a user-cost elasticity estimate of around 1.6. This magnitude implies around $1 in addit...
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作者：Andrews, Rodney J.; Stange, Kevin M.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We assess the importance of price regulation and price discrimination to low-income students' access to opportunities in public higher education. In 2003, Texas shifted tuition-setting authority away from the state legislature to public universities themselves. In response, most institutions raised sticker prices and many began charging more for high-earning majors, such as business and engineering. We find that poor students actually shifted toward higher earning programs following deregulati...
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作者：Cornelissen, Thomas; Dustmann, Christian
作者单位：University of York - UK; University of London; University College London
摘要：We estimate the effects of receiving additional schooling before age five on cognitive and noncognitive outcomes, exploiting unique school entry rules in England that cause variation in the age at school entry and the effective length of the first school year, and combining survey data with administrative school records up to six years after exposure. We find significant effects on both cognitive and noncognitive outcomes at ages five and seven, particularly so for boys with a disadvantaged pa...
