4期

最新文章

• Why Are Relatively Poor People Not More Supportive of Redistribution? Evidence from a Randomized Survey Experiment across Ten Countries AI翻译
  作者：Hoy, Christopher; Mager, Franziska
  作者单位：Australian National University
  摘要：We test a key assumption underlying seminal theories about preferences for redistribution, which is that relatively poor people should be the most in favor of redistribution. We conduct a randomized survey experiment with over 30,000 participants across 10 countries, half of whom are informed of their position in the national income distribution. Contrary to prevailing wisdom, people who are told they are relatively poorer than they thought are less concerned about inequality and are not more ...
• Democracy and Aid Donorship AI翻译
  作者：Budjan, Angelika J.; Fuchs, Andreas
  作者单位：Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW)
  摘要：Almost half of the world's states provide bilateral development assistance. While previous research takes the set of donor countries as exogenous, this article introduces a new dataset on aid giving that covers all countries in the world, both rich and poor, and explores the determinants of aid donorship. It argues and shows empirically that democratic institutions support the setup of an aid program in richer countries but undermine its establishment in poorer countries. The findings hold in ...
• Disclosure and Subsequent Innovation: Evidence from the Patent Depository Library Program AI翻译
  作者：Furman, Jeffrey L.; Nagler, Markus; Watzinger, Martin
  作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munster; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
  摘要：How important is access to patent documents for subsequent inno-vation? We examine the expansion of the USPTO Patent Library sys-tem after 1975. Patent libraries provided access to patents before the Internet. We find that after patent library opening, local patenting increases by 8-20 percent relative to similar regions. Additional anal-yses suggest that disclosure of technical information drives this effect: inventors increasingly take up ideas from outside their region, and the effect is st...
• Do Value-Added Taxes Affect International Trade Flows? Evidence from 30 Years of Tax Reforms AI翻译
  作者：Benzarti, Youssef; Tazhitdinova, Alisa
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; National Bureau of Economic Research
  摘要：This paper uses all value-added tax (VAT) changes across EU Member States from 1988 to 2016 to estimate the effect of VATs on trade flows. We find small elasticities of trade flows with respect to VATs, even when VAT changes are large. These elasticities are substantially smaller than the elasticities of trade flows with respect to tariffs estimated in the trade literature. This finding holds across different time periods, countries, and types of reforms. Our results imply that VATs are unlike...
• Urban Water Disinfection and Mortality Decline in Lower-Income Countries AI翻译
  作者：Bhalotra, Sonia R.; Diaz-Cayeros, Alberto; Miller, Grant; Miranda, Alfonso; Venkataramani, Atheendar S.
  作者单位：University of Warwick; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C. (CIDE); University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Historically , improvements in municipal water quality led to substantial mortality decline in today's wealthy countries. However , water disinfection has not consistently produced large benefits in lower-income countries. We study this issue by analyzing a large-scale municipal water disinfection program in Mexico that increased water chlorination coverage in urban areas from 58 percent to over 90 percent within 18 months. We estimate that the program reduced childhood diarrheal disease morta...
• Fiscal Transfers in the Spatial Economy AI翻译
  作者：Henkel, Marcel; Seidel, Tobias; Suedekum, Jens
  作者单位：University of Bern; University of Duisburg Essen; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf
  摘要：Many countries shift substantial public resources across jurisdictions to mitigate spatial economic disparities. We use a general equilibrium model with multiple asymmetric regions, labor mobility, and costly trade to carve out the aggregate implications of fiscal transfers. Calibrating the model for Germany, we find that transfers indeed deliver smaller disparities across regions. This comes at the cost of lower national output, however, because economic activity is diverted away from core ci...