-
作者：Charles, KK; Kline, P
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article posits that individuals can more easily form social connections with people if they are of the same race. If true, the greater the incidence among his neighbours of persons of his race, the more likely an individual is to make neighbourhood social capital connections and the more likely he is to engage in activities which require it. The article tests this idea using an indicator of individual social capital never previously studied: whether the person uses a carpool to get to wor...
-
作者：Devereux, MB; Lane, PR; Xu, JY
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Trinity College Dublin; Simon Fraser University
摘要：We compare alternative monetary policies for an emerging market economy that experiences external shocks to interest rates and the terms of trade. Financial frictions magnify volatility but do not affect the ranking of alternative policy rules. In contrast, the degree of exchange rate pass-through is critical for the assessment of monetary rules. With high pass-through, stabilising the exchange rate involves a trade-off between real stability and inflation stability and the best monetary polic...
-
作者：Miles, D; Cerny, A
作者单位：Imperial College London; Imperial College London
摘要：This article uses stochastic simulations on a calibrated model to assess the impact of different pension reform strategies where financial markets are less than perfect. We investigate the optimal split between funded and unfunded systems when there are sources of uninsurable risk that are allocated in different ways by different types of pension system when there are imperfections in financial markets. This article calculates the expected welfare of agents of different cohorts under various p...
-
作者：Innes, R
作者单位：University of Arizona
摘要：This article models strategic interactions between non-identical duopolistic firms and a public interest/environmental organisation (EO) that promotes 'green' production practices by threatening consumer boycotts against 'brown' producers. The article describes when boycotts are deterred by prior firm commitments to be 'green' and, also when a boycott arises in equilibrium, despite symmetric information. When a boycott arises, it is either a small persistent boycott against the 'small firm' in...
-
作者：Andrés, J; López-Salido, JD; Vallés, J
作者单位：University of Valencia
摘要：This article examines the role of money in a small-scale dynamic general equilibrium model of the euro zone estimated by maximum likelihood. The model allows for both intertemporal and intratemporal non-separability in preferences. We find, first, that real balances do not affect the marginal utility of consumption. Second, money demand shocks mainly help to forecast real balances while real shocks explain the bulk of price, output and interest rates fluctuations. Third, the calculation of the...
-
作者：Barro, RJ; Tenreyro, S
作者单位：Harvard University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Shifts in the extent of competition, which affect markups, are possible sources of aggregate fluctuations. Markups are countercyclical; during booms the economy operates more efficiently. In our benchmark model, markups correspond to the prices of differentiated inputs relative to that of undifferentiated final product. If nominal prices of differentiated goods are relatively sticky, unexpected inflation reduces markups, mimicking the effects of increased competition. Similar effects stem from...
-
作者：McGough, B
作者单位：Oregon State University
摘要：Sargent's (1999) model of inflation is amended to include real oil prices and used to study the impact of exogenous supply shocks on the inflation time-series. We analyse whether these shocks can trigger escape-like episodes. We consider unobserved permanent shocks to the natural rate of unemployment and observed permanent shocks to the mean real oil price. Favourable shocks to unemployment decrease the time to first escape; that is, escapes tend to occur much sooner in the presence of these s...
-
作者：Basu, K
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：The evidence that the same income can lead to different household decisions, depending on who the earner is, has led to an effort to replace the standard household model with the 'collective model', which recognises that a household's decisions depend on the power balance between the husband and the wife. This article recognises that the power balance can, in turn, depend on the decisions made. A new 'household equilibrium' and its dynamics are described and it is shown that there can be multi...
