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作者：Francesconi, Marco; Rainer, Helmut; van der Klaauw, Wilbert
作者单位：University of Essex; University of St Andrews; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：This article develops a simple model of household decisions that explicitly accounts for the role played by the Working Families' Tax Credit (WFTC) to examine its effects on couples in Britain. The main implications of the model are tested using panel data from the British Household Panel Survey collected between 1991 and 2002. Overall, the financial incentives of the reform had small and statistically insignificant effects on a wide range of married mothers' decisions. Women's responses, howe...
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作者：Hatton, Timothy J.
作者单位：University of Essex; Australian National University
摘要：In the last 20 years, developed countries have struggled with a rising tide of asylum seekers, a trend that has now reversed. This article examines what happened and why. It surveys the trends in asylum seeking and the literature that this has generated. It provides new regression estimates of the determinants of asylum applications up to the present. The key findings are that violence and terror can account for much of the variation and that, while tougher policies did have a deterrent effect...
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作者：Blanchflower, David G.; Shadforth, Chris
作者单位：University of Stirling
摘要：We examine the impact on the UK economy of the flow of workers from ten East European countries after their accession to the European Union. We find evidence that those most susceptible to competition from these workers have seen weaker wage inflation. We document that the presence of these foreign workers has increased the fear of unemployment and helped to contain wage pressure. We argue that this inflow of workers has increased supply by more than it has raised demand and, thus, had the eff...
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作者：Gregg, Paul; Harkness, Susan; Smith, Sarah
作者单位：University of Bristol; University of Bath
摘要：A series of reforms to help low income families with children were introduced in the UK in 1999, including in-work tax credits and welfare-to-work programmes. Lone parents were a key target for these reforms - they comprised 22% of all families by 1998 but 55% of families with children in poverty. Previous studies have shown that the reforms raised employment among lone parents. This article extends the analysis of the effect of the reforms to consider employment dynamics, including hours adju...
