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作者：Brunello, Giorgio; Fort, Margherita; Weber, Guglielmo
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Bologna; University of Padua
摘要：Using data from 12 European countries and the variation across countries and over time in the changes of minimum school leaving age, we study the effects of the quantity of education on the distribution of earnings. We find that compulsory school reforms significantly affect educational attainment, especially among individuals belonging to the lowest quantiles of the distribution of ability. There is also evidence that additional education reduces conditional wage inequality, and that educatio...
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作者：Kassenboehmer, Sonja C.; Haisken-DeNew, John P.
作者单位：McMaster University; Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：This article examines the impact of unemployment for men and women on life satisfaction for Germany 1991-2006 using the German Socio-Economic Panel. We find that for women in east and west Germany, company closures in the year of entry into unemployment produce strongly negative effects on life satisfaction over and above an overall effect of unemployment, providing prima facie evidence of reduced outside work options, large investments in firm-specific human capital or a family constraint. Th...
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作者：Dohmen, Thomas; Falk, Armin; Huffman, David; Sunde, Uwe
作者单位：Maastricht University; University of Bonn; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Swarthmore College; University of St Gallen
摘要：This article complements the experimental literature that has shown the importance of reciprocity for behaviour in stylised labour markets or other decision settings. We use individual measures of reciprocal inclinations in a large, representative survey and relate reciprocity to real world labour market behaviour and life outcomes. We find that reciprocity matters and that the way in which it matters is very much in line with the experimental evidence. In particular, positive reciprocity is a...
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作者：Gregory-Smith, Ian; Thompson, Steve; Wright, Peter W.
作者单位：University of Nottingham
摘要：We apply duration analysis to model the tenure and mode of exit of CEOs from FTSE 350 companies from 1996-2005, a decade in which corporate governance reforms have sought to increase the accountability of the CEO to shareholders and their representatives on the board. We find a greater likelihood of dismissal in the latter part of the period. However, we also find that the likelihood of forced departure sharply decreases from the fifth year of a CEO's tenure. We find evidence that this is beca...
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作者：Bressoux, Pascal; Kramarz, Francis; Prost, Corinne
作者单位：Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：This article uses a feature of the French system in which some novice teachers start their jobs before receiving any training. Moreover, thanks to administrative mistakes in forecasting the number of teachers, trained and untrained novice teachers are similar in 1991. We show that they are assigned to similar classes. In addition, we show that the same sample can be used to estimate the causal effect of class size. Our findings are: (1) teachers' training substantially improves students' test ...
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作者：Cogley, Timothy; Sargent, Thomas J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; New York University
摘要：We study prices and allocations in a complete-markets, pure-exchange economy in which there are two types of agents with different priors over infinite sequences of the aggregate endowment. Aggregate consumption growth evolves exogenously according to a two-state Markov process. The economy has two types of agents, one that learns about transition probabilities and another that knows them. We examine allocations, the market price of risk and the rate at which asset prices converge to values th...
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作者：Fehr, Ernst; Brown, Martin; Zehnder, Christian
作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Lausanne
摘要：We study the impact of reputational incentives in markets characterised by moral hazard problems. Social preferences have been shown to enhance contract enforcement in these markets, while at the same time generating considerable wage and price rigidity. Reputation powerfully amplifies the positive effects of social preferences on contract enforcement by increasing contract efficiency substantially. This effect is, however, associated with a considerable bilateralisation of market interactions...
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作者：Luechinger, Simon
作者单位：University of Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：I use the life satisfaction approach to value air quality, combining individual-level panel and high-resolution SO2 data. To avoid simultaneity problems, I construct a novel instrument exploiting the natural experiment created by the mandated scrubber installation at power plants, with wind directions dividing counties into treatment and control groups. I find a negative effect of pollution on well-being that is larger for instrumental variable than conventional estimates, robust to controls f...
