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作者：van den Berg, Gerard J.; Deeg, Dorly J. H.; Lindeboom, Maarten; Portrait, France
作者单位：University of Mannheim; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：Serious life events, such as the loss of a relative or the onset of a chronic condition may influence cognitive functioning. We examine whether the cognitive impact of such events is stronger if conditions very early in life were adverse, using Dutch longitudinal data of older persons. We exploit exogenous variation in early-life conditions as generated by the business cycle.
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作者：Oechslin, Manuel
作者单位：Tilburg University
摘要：The lack of sustained growth in poor countries has often been attributed to 'fiscal weakness'. Empirical evidence suggests that governments often fail to provide crucial public goods. I argue that this failure may be the result of a political instability effect: more resources fuel power struggles among competing elites - and decrease the incumbent regime's time horizon in office. But with a shorter time horizon, it is less attractive to finance growth-promoting institutions whose returns only...
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作者：Devereux, Paul J.; Hart, Robert A.
作者单位：University College Dublin; University of Stirling
摘要：Do students benefit from compulsory schooling? In an important article, Oreopoulos (2006) studied the 1947 British compulsory schooling law change and found large returns to schooling of about 15% using the General Household Survey (GHS). Re-analysing this dataset, we find much smaller returns of about 3% on average with no evidence of any positive return for women and a return for men of 4-7%. Additionally, we utilise the New Earnings Survey Panel Data-set (NESPD) that has earnings informatio...
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作者：Mayhew, Les; Karlsson, Martin; Rickayzen, Ben
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London; Technical University of Darmstadt
摘要：An ageing population and increased longevity means that long term care will become progressively more expensive. In 2009 the Government published a Green Paper on future funding options and a White Paper in 2010. This article considers the role of private finance products under the 'Partnership' option. It finds that few households are able to pay for LTC based on income and savings but the number increases if housing assets are included. We show that products can be devised for a range of cir...
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作者：Bloemen, Hans G.
作者单位：Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：I present a structural empirical model of collective household labour supply that includes the non-participation decision. I specify a simultaneous model for hours, participation and wages of husband and wife. I discuss the problems of identification and statistical coherency that arise in the application of the collective household labour supply model. The model includes random effects and it is estimated using a panel data set of Dutch couples. The estimates allow me to check the underlying ...
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作者：Card, David; Kluve, Jochen; Weber, Andrea
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Mannheim
摘要：This article presents a meta-analysis of recent microeconometric evaluations of active labour market policies. We categorise 199 programme impacts from 97 studies conducted between 1995 and 2007. Job search assistance programmes yield relatively favourable programme impacts, whereas public sector employment programmes are less effective. Training programmes are associated with positive medium-term impacts, although in the short term they often appear ineffective. We also find that the outcome ...
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作者：Brown, J. David; Earle, John S.; Telegdy, Almos
作者单位：Heriot Watt University; Central European University; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies; Institute of Economics - HAS
摘要：We use longitudinal methods and universal panel data on 30,000 initially state-owned manufacturing firms in four transition economies to estimate the impact of privatisation on employment and wages. The results consistently reject job losses and never imply large wage cuts from either domestic or foreign privatisation. The domestic privatisation estimates are close to zero for employment; for wages, they are negative but small in magnitude. Estimated foreign privatisation effects are nearly al...
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作者：Bloom, Nicholas; Genakos, Christos; Martin, Ralf; Sadun, Raffaella
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Harvard University
摘要：We use an innovative methodology to measure management practices in over 300 manufacturing firms in the UK. We then match this management data to production and energy usage information for establishments owned by these firms. We find that establishments in better managed firms are significantly less energy intensive. This effect is quantitatively substantial: going from the 25th to the 75th percentile of management practices is associated with a 17.4% reduction in energy intensity. Better man...
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作者：Clark, Andrew E.; Senik, Claudia
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; Sorbonne Universite
摘要：This article provides unprecedented direct evidence from large-scale survey data on both the intensity (how much?) and direction (to whom?) of income comparisons. Income comparisons are considered to be at least somewhat important by three-quarters of Europeans. They are associated with both lower levels of subjective well-being and a greater demand for income redistribution. The rich compare less and are happier than average when they do, which latter is consistent with relative income theory...
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作者：West, Martin R.; Woessmann, Ludger
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Munich
摘要：Nineteenth-century Catholic doctrine strongly opposed state schooling. We show that countries with larger shares of Catholics in 1900 (but without a Catholic state religion) tend to have larger shares of privately operated schools even today. We use this historical pattern as a natural experiment to estimate the causal effect of contemporary private competition on student achievement in cross-country student-level analyses. Our results show that larger shares of privately operated schools lead...
