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作者：Brochu, Pierre; Green, David A.
作者单位：University of Ottawa; University of British Columbia
摘要：We investigate differences in labour market transition rates between high and low minimum wage regimes using Canadian data spanning 1979-2008. We find that higher minimum wages result in lower hiring rates but also lower job separation rates. Importantly, the reduced separation rates are due mainly to reductions in layoffs, occur in the first six months of a job and are present for unskilled workers of all ages. Thus, jobs in higher minimum wage regimes are more stable but harder to get. For o...
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作者：Armantier, Olivier; Boly, Amadou
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：We investigate the external validity of corruption experiments by conducting the same experiment in three different environments: a laboratory in a developed country, a laboratory in a developing country and the field in a developing country. In the experiment, a candidate proposes a bribe to a grader to obtain a better grade. We find the direction and magnitude of several treatment effects to be statistically indistinguishable across the three environments. In particular, increasing the grade...
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作者：Sapienza, Paola; Toldra-Simats, Anna; Zingales, Luigi
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：The World Values Survey (WVS) question on trust has been widely used to study the economic effect of trust. Recent work, however, questions its validity as an accurate measure of trust by showing that it is not correlated with the sender's behaviour in the Berg etal. trust game. What measure then should we trust to measure trust? In this article, we argue that the sender's behaviour in a trust game is driven both by beliefs and by preferences. In contrast, WVS-like measures capture mostly the ...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Ma, Hong; Peter Neary, J.; Rao, D. S. Prasada
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tsinghua University; University of Oxford; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of Queensland
摘要：The latest World Bank estimates of real GDP per capita for China are significantly lower than previous ones. We review possible sources of this puzzle including substitution bias in consumption, reliance on urban prices, which we estimate are higher than rural ones, and the use of an expenditure-weighted rather than an output-weighted measure of GDP. Taking all these together, we estimate that Chinese real per capita GDP was 30% higher in 2005 than the World Bank estimates. Our empirical proce...
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作者：Biscourp, Pierre; Boutin, Xavier; Verge, Thibaud
作者单位：European Commission Joint Research Centre; Japan Science & Technology Agency (JST)
摘要：Using a unique data set merging micro-store level data with grocery markets data, this article provides an empirical analysis of a legislation that had the same effect as allowing industry-wide price floors. It shows that, after the introduction of the legislation, the link between retail prices and market concentration has significantly been weakened. Price dispersion has dropped for branded products more than for store brands and price convergence appears to have taken place across stores. T...
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作者：Leonardi, Marco; Pica, Giovanni
作者单位：University of Milan; University of Salerno; University of Salerno
摘要：This study estimates the effect of employment protection legislation on wages, exploiting the 1990 Italian reform that introduced unjust dismissal costs for firms below 15 employees. We find that the slight average wage reduction induced by the reform hides highly heterogeneous effects. Workers who change firm during the reform period suffer a drop in the entry wage, while incumbent workers are left unaffected. Also, the negative effect of the reform is stronger for young blue collars, low-wag...
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作者：Nakov, Anton; Nuno, Galo
作者单位：Banco de Espana; European Central Bank
摘要：In this study, we document two features that have made Saudi Arabia different from other oil producers. First, it has typically maintained ample spare capacity. Second, its production has been quite volatile even though it has witnessed few domestic shocks. These features can be rationalised in a general equilibrium model in which the oil market is modelled as a dominant producer with a competitive fringe. We show that the net welfare effect of oil tariffs on consumers is null. The reason is t...
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作者：Alary, David; Gollier, Christian; Treich, Nicolas
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; INRAE
摘要：In this article, we derive a set of simple conditions such that ambiguity aversion always raises the demand for self-insurance and the insurance coverage, but decreases the demand for self-protection. We also characterise the optimal insurance design under ambiguity aversion and exhibit a case in which the straight deductible contract is optimal as in the expected utility model.
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作者：Mocan, Naci; Altindag, Duha T.
作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Auburn University System; Auburn University
摘要：Before July 2009, salaries of the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) were paid by their home country, and there were substantial salary differences between MEPs representing different countries. Starting in July 2009, salaries are pegged to 38.5% of a European Court judge's salary, paid by the European Union. This created an exogenous change in salaries, the magnitude and direction of which varied substantially. Using information on each MEP between 2004 and 2011, we show that an increa...
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作者：Fenske, James
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：The land abundance view of African history uses sparse population to explain pre-colonial land tenure and slavery. I document the geographical forcing variables that predict land rights, slavery and population density in a cross section of global societies. I discuss whether these correlations support theories of land rights and slavery, including the land abundance view. I show that pre-colonial institutions predict institutional outcomes in Africa in the present, including land transactions,...
