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作者：Kerschbamer, Rudolf; Sutter, Matthias; Dulleck, Uwe
作者单位：University of Innsbruck; University of Cologne; Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
摘要：Credence goods markets suffer from inefficiencies caused by superior information of sellers about the surplus-maximising quality. While standard theory predicts that equal mark-up prices solve the credence goods problem if customers can verify the quality received, experimental evidence indicates the opposite. We identify a lack of robustness with respect to heterogeneity in social preferences as a possible cause of this and conduct new experiments that allow for parsimonious identification of...
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作者：Stueber, Heiko
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：Several recent macroeconomic models assume that real wages are rigid. The wage rigidity of newly hired workers assumes a crucial role in these models, as the decision of whether to open a vacancy is primarily influenced by real hiring wages. This article analyses the cyclical behaviour of real wages in Germany. It considers recent concerns that not controlling for cyclical job up and downgrading leads to biased results. The results indicate that wages are not rigid - neither for all workers no...
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作者：Santos, Rita; Gravelle, Hugh; Propper, Carol
作者单位：University of York - UK; University of Bristol; Imperial College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Reforms giving users of public services choice of provider aim to improve quality. But such reforms will work only if quality affects choice of provider. We test this crucial prerequisite in the English health care market by examining the choice of 3.4million individuals of family doctor. Family doctor practices provide primary care and control access to non-emergency hospital care, the quality of their clinical care is measured and published and care is free. In this setting, clinical quality...
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作者：Engstrom, Per; Hagglund, Pathric; Johansson, Per
作者单位：Uppsala University; Uppsala University
摘要：We estimate the effects of early assessments of an individual's need for vocational rehabilitation in the Swedish sickness insurance system using a field experiment. One of the interventions increases the flow to disability benefits by 20%. The effect is larger for unemployed individuals, who also are covered by the sickness insurance scheme. This result is in line with a theoretical model with moral hazard and asymmetric information in which individuals with low work incentives communicate wo...
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作者：Shrestha, Slesh A.
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：The development impacts of emigration are largely determined by the education of those who stay behind. Departure of workers leads to a direct loss of human capital but opportunities for emigration also raise expected returns to education. I examine these effects by considering the introduction of education as a selection criterion to recruit Nepalese men in the British Army. This change raised educational investments by 1.15years and increased the average education of men living in Nepal even...
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作者：Cesur, Resul; Tekin, Erdal; Ulker, Aydogan
作者单位：University of Connecticut; American University; Deakin University
摘要：We examine the impact of widespread adoption of natural gas as a source of fuel on infant mortality in Turkey, using variation across provinces and over time in the intensity of natural gas utilisation. Our estimates indicate that the expansion of natural gas infrastructure has resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of infant mortality. Specifically, a one-percentage point increase in natural gas intensity - measured by the rate of subscriptions to natural gas services - would cause th...
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作者：Brunello, Giorgio; Weber, Guglielmo; Weiss, Christoph T.
作者单位：University of Padua; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Padua; University of Padua
摘要：We estimate the effect of education on lifetime earnings by distinguishing between individuals who lived in rural or urban areas during childhood and between individuals with access to many or few books at home at age 10. We instrument years of education using compulsory school reforms and find that, whereas individuals in rural areas were most affected by the reforms, those with many books enjoyed substantially higher returns to their additional education. We show that books retain explanator...
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作者：Salmon, Timothy C.; Weber, Roberto A.
作者单位：Southern Methodist University; University of Zurich
摘要：Efficiently growing a group often requires integrating individuals from lower performing entities. We explore the effectiveness of policies intended to facilitate such integration, using an experiment that models production as a coordination game. We create an efficient group and an inefficient one. We then allow individuals to move into the efficient group under different mechanisms. We investigate the use of an entry quota, an entry quiz and combinations of the two in order to try to underst...
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作者：Webbink, Dinand; van Erp, Judith; van Gastel, Froukje
作者单位：Utrecht University
摘要：In this study we investigate the effect of showing suspects of crime in a TV programme on the probability of apprehension. We exploit exogenous variation in the number of viewers of the crime programme induced by Champions League games broadcast on competing channels. The estimates show that an increase in the number of viewers of the TV programme increases the probability of solving crime, especially for criminal cases with many potential observers or cases for which it is easier to recognise...
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作者：Burns, Sarah; Ziliak, James
作者单位：University of Kentucky
摘要：We use matched panels from the Current Population Survey along with a grouping instrumental variables estimator to provide new estimates of the elasticity of taxable income. Our identification strategy exploits the fact that federal and state tax reforms over the past three decades have differentially affected cohorts across states and over time. We find that the elasticity is in the range of 0.4-0.55. The implication of our new estimates for tax policy is that the revenue-maximising tax rate ...
